Term
CLASS INSECTA
SUBCLASS PTERYGOTA
INFRACLASS PALAEOPTERA |
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Definition
INSECTS- 3 body regions, 3 pairs of legs, tracheae, mandibles and maxillae, 1 pair antennae ; mouthparts externally visible, 1 or 2 pairs of wings except in apterygotes.
pterygote - incomplete metamorphosis
palaeoptera - can't fold wings against back. |
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Term
ORDER EPHEMEROPTERA
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Definition
MAYFLIES;
small size, forewings large and triangular, long cerci, often with median caudal filament.
subimago form has opaque wings.
naiads: aquatic, lateral plate-like gills on abdomen, conspicuous 3 "tails", campodeiform (long, flat, narrowed posteriorly).
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dragonflies and damselflies;
2 pairs lrg, many-veined wings, large compound eyes, britsle-like antennae, elongate slender body.
naiads: aquatic, campodeiform, extensible labium
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Term
SUBORDER ANISOPTERA
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Definition
DRAGONFLIES;
wings extended at rest, hindwings larger with broad base.
naiads: internal rectal gills
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Term
SUBORDER ZYGOPTERA
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Definition
DAMSELFLIES;
wings held together at rest, wings equal in size and shape, narrowed at base.
naiads: 3 leaf-like gills on abdomen apex.
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Term
INFRACLASS NEOPTERA
DIVISION EXOPTERYGOTA |
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Definition
wings fold over the body.
incomplete/gradual metamorphosis, external wing buds during development, immatures = Nymphs ; if aquatic = naiads. |
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STONEFLIES;
long wings, long antennae, long cerci.
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COCKROACHES;
flattened, pronotum covers head, head points downwards.
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grasshoppers, crickets, katydids, locusts;
forewing leathery (tegmina), hindwing membranous, hind legs saltatorial, songsters. |
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GRASSHOPPERS & LOCUSTS;
3 tarsi segments, tympanum on abdomen, short antennae.
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KATYDIDS;
green, 4 tarsi segmnt, tympanum on tibia, female: sickle-shape ovipositor.
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CAMEL CRICKETS & JERUSALEM CRICKETS;
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CRICKETS;
dull colored, tympanum on tibia, 3 tarsi segmnts.
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CHEWING AND SUCKING LICE;
suborder: mallophaga (chewing)
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suborder: anoplura (sucking)
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THRIPS;
minute to small, found on flowers, asymmetrical mouthparts, wings strap-like and fringed with long hairs.
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"true" bugs.
piercing/sucking mouthparts, forewings with hemelytra (basal half thickened, distal half membranous). |
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Definition
| "hidden antennae": antennae usually shorter than head and hidden in grooves, ocelli absent, aquatic-dwelling. |
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WATER BOATMEN;
striped pattern on thorax, midlegs oar-like for swimming, front tarsus 1 segment, ventral keel and head overlapping the pronotum.
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BACK SWIMMERS;
front tarsus 2 segmented w/ claws, convex body with DORSAL keel, head not overlapping.
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Definition
giant water bug, electric light bug, toebiter;
forelegs raptorial, very prominant eyes.
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| antennae longer than head, not hidden, terrestrial habitat. |
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LEAF/PLANT BUGS;
cuneus dips, small to medium size.
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ASSASSIN BUGS;
have a "neck", beak touches groove on sternum.
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seed bugs, chinch bugs, milkweed bugs;
membrane has 4-5 simple veins.
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squash bug, leaf-footed bug;
plant sap feeders, wing membrane has many veins.
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STINK BUGS;
phytophagus, enlarged scutellum triangular and not reaching apex, oval or shield-shaped body.
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| plant-eaters (phytophagus), forewings & hindwings either all leathery or all membranous. |
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CICADAS;
calling sounds originate from "tymbal" structure, have built-in resonance chambers in abdomen, membranous wings.
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LEAF-HOPPERS;
small-minute size, taper sharply posteriorly, hind-leg tibia is spiny.
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TREE HOPPERS;
have elaborate thorax projections, enlarged pronotom, antennae below eyes, small size, drum on plants for communication.
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APHIDS;
very small, have a pair of cornicles arising from the abdomen, excrete "honeydew"
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Term
Dision Endopterygota
ORDER NEUROPTERA
FAMILY MYRMELEONTIDAE |
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