Term
| (04-22) What do the kidneys do? |
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Definition
| A bunch: regulate blood pressure, ion balance, pH, remove wastes, secrete hormones |
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Term
| (04-22) How many times a day do you filter your entire plasma volume? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-22) What do you call the outer layer of the kidney? The inner layer? |
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Definition
| Cortex outside, medulla inside |
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Term
| (04-22) What is a renal pyramid? Where is it found, what does it do? |
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Definition
| Renal pyramids are found in the medulla of a kidney. This is a collection of collecting ducts. |
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Term
| (04-22) What is a nephron? Where is it, what does it do? |
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Definition
| Nephrons are in on the ends of kidney collecting ducts. They are the structural and functional units of kidneys that filter plasma to make urine. |
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Term
| (04-22) What is the path of blood through a nephron? |
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Definition
| Artery; afferent arteriole; glomerulus; efferent areriole; peritubular capillaries; vasa recta; vein |
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Term
| (04-22) What is the path of fluid (filtrate) through a nephron? |
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Definition
| Blood; Bowman's capsule; proximal tubule; descending limb of LH; ascending limb of H; distal tubule; collecting tubule; collecting duct |
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Term
| (04-22) At what point does blood become filtrate in a nephron? |
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Definition
| Once it passes through the Bowman's capsule |
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Term
| (04-22) What are the two types of nephrons? Which is more common? Which extends into the medulla? |
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Definition
| Juxtamedullary nephrons (15-20%, loop of Henle extends into the medulla); cortical nephrons (80%, short LH) |
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Term
| (04-22) What are the four processes of the nephron? |
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Definition
| Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, excretion |
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Term
| (04-22) From where to where does filtration occur? Is it selective or nonselective? |
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Definition
| From the glomerulus blood to tubules, nonselective |
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Term
| (04-22) What is the end product of filtration? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-22) From where to where does reabsorption happen? Selective or nonselective? |
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Definition
| From the lumen of the tubules back to the blood. This is specific (requires specific channels). |
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Term
| (04-22) What is the end product of reabsorption? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-22) From where to where is secretion? Selective or nonselective? |
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Definition
| From peritubular capillary blood to tubules; selection |
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Term
| (04-22) What is the product of secretion? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-22) From where to where is excretion? |
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Definition
| From tubules to outside the body (via bladder) |
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Term
| (04-22) What is the end product of excretion? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-22) What is the formula for the amount of solute excreted? |
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Definition
| (Amount of solute excreted, E) = (Amount filtered, F) - (amount reabsorbed, R) + (amount secreted, S) |
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Term
| (04-22) Define fenestration. |
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Definition
| Having a small pore for filtering |
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