Term
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Definition
- calmodulin binds Ca
- CaM kinase II is activated by calmodulin (autophosphorylates); phosphotase inactivates with decreasing Ca
- CaM kinase II sustains memory of Ca (impt for memory)
- Calcineurin (ser/Thr phosphatase) activated by sustained (not transient) Ca
- inhibited by CsA and FK 506 |
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Term
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Definition
- treatment for angina
- NO binds guanylyl cyclase activating PKG
- results in muscle relaxation and dilation
- ACh cinds GPCR causing Calmodulin to activate NO synthase
- short half life |
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Term
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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Definition
- hypertrophy mostly in left ventricle
- myocellular disarray and increased fibrosis
- dilated cardiomyopathy (cell death) |
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Term
| Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (FHC) |
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Definition
- dominant neg (1 in 500)
- leadin cause of sudden death among athletes
- mutations in sarcomeric proteins (mostly MHC)
- sustained increase in intracellular Ca triggers hypertrophic response
- calcineurin-NFAT pathway active... causing hypertrophy/cardiomyopathy |
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Term
| Ras superfamily functions |
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Definition
- small GTPases
- regulate aspects of cell growth, differenctiation, migration...
- Rho/Rac involved in organization of cytoskeleton
- Ran involved in mitosis and nuclear transport
- Rab - membrane trafficking |
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Term
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Definition
mutated in 20-30% of cancers
- binds GTP but unable to hyrolyze (constitutive activation of Ras pathway) causing neoplastic transformation of cells |
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