Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does fetal hb have more or less dpg |
|
Definition
| 2,3 dpg does not bind with fetal hb hence why there is a left shift |
|
|
Term
| at what month range does neonate hb begin to change |
|
Definition
| 3-4 months there are an increase in 2,3 DPG that causes a right shift of the P50. |
|
|
Term
| prematurity is defined as a weight less than? Or weeks born < ___ |
|
Definition
< 2500 gm at birth
or
<37 weeks. |
|
|
Term
| at what conceptual age does the fetus begin to make surfactant |
|
Definition
| 23 and 24 weeks surfactant production begins |
|
|
Term
| What is the intrapleural pressure generated during the first breath of life |
|
Definition
transpulmonary distending pressure of 40-80 cm H20
or
pressure of -40-80 cm H20 |
|
|
Term
| the cytochorme p450 is fully functional at what age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| for the premie a Hb < ___ you should not do the case |
|
Definition
| < 13 g/dL in premie cancel the case |
|
|
Term
| A infant 3months or older has a Hb___ you should cancel the case |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the neonate the left ventricle compliance is increased or decreased |
|
Definition
| L ventricular compliance is DECREASED so SV dependent on HR |
|
|
Term
| what route do infants loose most of their heat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is brown fat located |
|
Definition
brown fat is located:
1. interscapular space
2. around large blood vessels
3. neck
4. behind the sternum
5. kidneys
6. adrenals |
|
|
Term
| non-shivering thermogenesis cease to be clinically signifant at what age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical manifestation of patent ductus arteriosus is |
|
Definition
| systolic and diastolic murmur that is continuous |
|
|
Term
| preductal sao2 place probe where. postductal place probe where |
|
Definition
preductal - right hand
postductal: left foot. |
|
|
Term
| List 6 factors that contribute to persistaent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn |
|
Definition
1. hypoxia
2. hypothermia
3. acidosis
4. hypovolemia
5. PNA
6. Inflammatory mediators |
|
|
Term
| tetralogy of fallot is a right to left or left to right shunt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| list four congenital heart defects involved with tetralogy of fallot |
|
Definition
1. VSD
2. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (pulmonary stenosis)
3. right ventricular hypertrophy
4. dextroposition of the aorta with overriding of the ventricular septal defect. |
|
|
Term
| What do you do with svr, intravascular volume and pvr in tetralogy of fallot |
|
Definition
1. Maintain SVR
2. maintain intravascular volume
3. minimize PVR |
|
|
Term
| how do you decrease a right to left shunt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the anesthetic concern for tracheomalacia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is Pierre robin syndrome |
|
Definition
a combination of:
1. cleft palate
2. glossoptosis (downward retraction or displacement of the tongue)
3. micrognathia (small jaw and receding chin) |
|
|
Term
| the most commonly occuring congenital heart defect is |
|
Definition
VSD
ventricular septal defect |
|
|
Term
| list 7 anomalies often coexisting with myelomeningocele |
|
Definition
1. club foot
2. hydrocephalus
3. disclocation of hips
4. exstrophy of bladder
5. prolapsed uterus
6. Klippel-Feil Syndrome
7. Congenital cardiac defects |
|
|
Term
| what is arnold chari malformation |
|
Definition
| it is a malformation consisting of an elongated cerebellar vernis that hernaites through the foramen magnum and also compresses the brainstem. |
|
|
Term
| name four sx of arnold chari malformation |
|
Definition
1. apnea
2. difficulting swallowing
3. recurrent aspiration
4. stridor |
|
|
Term
| most frequent pediatric surgical emergency is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| children with long standing sleep apnea will have what kind of changes to their heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the most common pathogen agent to cause croup is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why do you keep the peak inspiratory pressure less than 30 on child with diaphragmatic hernia |
|
Definition
| b.c contralateral lung at HIGH RISK FOR PNEUMO |
|
|
Term
| Is pyloric stenosis a medical or surgical emergency |
|
Definition
| MEDICAL. Surgery can wait till kid is optimized |
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of kernicterus are |
|
Definition
1. hypertonicity
2. opisthotonus
3. spasticity |
|
|
Term
| what drugs might make kernicterus worse and why |
|
Definition
any drug that competes to bind with albumin (which bilirubin is normally conjugated to as well) will worsen kernicterus. So drugs such as
1. lasix
2. sulfonamides
3. diazepam |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of liver transplant in children is |
|
Definition
| cholestatic liver disease secondary to biliary atresia |
|
|
Term
| length of a ETT determined by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| whats the earliest sign of a high spinal block in the neonate |
|
Definition
| decrease O2 saturation. Since SNS not well developed you WILL NOT see much effect on cardiovascular system from high block |
|
|
Term
| list two reasons why neonates need twice the dose of sux |
|
Definition
1. large ECF
2. immature AcH receptors |
|
|
Term
| if you give sux 4mg/kg IM for laryngospasm how long is its duration |
|
Definition
| 20 minutes..so you better get an airway |
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