Term
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Definition
Dorsum of Foot:
-Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Plantar Foot: 3 layers;
Layer 1:
-Abductor Hallucis
-Flexor Digitorum Brevis
-Abductor Digiti Minimi
Layer 2:
-Quadratus Plantae
-Lumbricals
Layer 3:
-Flexor Hallucis Brevis
-Adductor Hallucis
-Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Layer 4:
-Plantar Interossei
-Dorsal Interossei |
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Term
| Extensor Digitorum Brevis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Dorsum side;
O: Upper and lateral sides of calcaneus
I: Base of proximal phalanx of great toe (extensor hallucis brevis) and tendons to lateral sides of extensor digitorum
N: Deep Fibular Nerve
A: Extends toes 1-4 (Medial) |
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Term
| Abductor Hallucis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 1;
O: Tuberosity of calcaneus
I: Joins with tendon of flexor hallucis brevis and attaches to base of proximal phalanx of great toe
N: Medial Plantar Nerve
A: Abducts and flexes great toe |
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Term
| Flexor Digitorum Brevis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 1;
O: Tuberosity of calcaneus
I: Four tendons divide to attach on to lateral sides of middle phalanges of toes 2-5
N: Medial Plantar Nerve
A: Flexes toes
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Term
| Abductor Digiti Minimi (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 1;
O: Tuberosity of calcaneus
I: Lateral side of proximal phalanx of small toe
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve
A: Abducts and flexes little toe |
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Term
| Quadratus Plantae (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 2; Flexor Accessorius;
O: Two heads attached to calcaneus on either side of the long plantar ligament
I: Lateral border of the tendon of flexor digitorum longus
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve
A: Aids flexor digitorum longus in flexing toes |
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Term
| Lumbricals (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 2; four muscles;
O: Medial side of tendons of flexor digitorum longus
I: Medial side of base of proximal phalanges and extensor tendons of toes 2-5
N: Medial Plantar (1) and Lateral Plantar (2,3,4) Nerves
A: Flex proximal interphalangeal joints and extend two distal phalanges of toes 2-5 |
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Term
| Flexor Hallucis Brevis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 3;
O: Cuboid and 3rd Cuneiform
I: Medial tendon joins abductor hallucis tendon; lateral tendon joins that of adductor hallucis
N: Medial Plantar Nerve
A: Flexes proximal phalanx of great toe |
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Term
| Adductor Hallucis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 3;
O: Base of metatarsals 2-4; sheath of fibularis longus (oblique head); metatarsophalangeal joint capsule of toes 3-5 (transverse head)
I: Lateral side of proximal phalanx of great toe with tendon of flexor hallucis brevis
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve
A: Adducts and flexes great toe |
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Term
| Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 3;
O: Base of fifth metatarsal; sheath of fibularis longus
I: Lateral side of proximal phalanx of little toe
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve
A: Flexes little toe |
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Term
| Plantar Interossei (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 4; three muscles; PAD
O: Bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
I: Medial side of the base of the proximal phalanges of toes 3-5
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve
A: Adducts toes 3-5 toward second toe; flex proximal and extend distal phalanges of toes 3-5 |
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Term
| Dorsal Interossei (Origin, Insertion, Innervation, & Action) |
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Definition
Plantar- Layer 4; four muscles; DAB;
O: Bipennate muscles attaching to adjacent shafts of metatarsals 1-5
I: Proximal phalanx of both sides of second toe; lateral side of third and fourth toes
N: Lateral Plantar Nerve
A: Abduct toes from axis of second toe; flex proximal and extend distal phalanges of toes 2-4 |
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