Term
|
Definition
| U.S. Politician,he defended slavery but opposed dissolution of the Union. When Georgia seceded, he was elected vice president of the Confederacy. He supported constitutional government, opposed attempts by Jefferson Davis to infringe on individuals' rights, and advocated a program of prisoner exchanges. He led the delegation to the Hampton Roads Conference (1865). After the war he was held in Boston for five months. He served again in the House (1873 – 82) and as governor of Georgia (1882 – 83). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| U.S. Secretary of the Treasury during the critical early years of the Civil War. Chase had for many years been a leading citizen of Cincinnati and a lawyer well-known for defending escaped slaves. (Angry Southerners called him "The Attorney General of Fugitive Slaves.") |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| U.S. politician. He practiced law in Pennsylvania, defending fugitive slaves without fee. In the U.S. House of Representatives (1849 – 53, 1859 – 68), he opposed the extension of slavery into the western territories. After the American Civil War, as a leader of the Radical Republicans, he demanded strict conditions for readmission of the seceded states. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| born in 1902, English actor and was a movie star for half a century in Britain and the United States, known especially for playing stylish, romantic villains. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Confederate general, born in Washington, Kentucky. Johnston was in command of the vast lands stretching from the Appalachian Mountains to the Indian Territory and was killed at Shiloh (1862). Before joining the Confederate forces, Johnston had a distinguished military career with the U.S. Army. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was a major general during the American Civil War. He organized the famous Army of the Potomac and served briefly (November 1861 to March 1862) as the general-in-chief of the Union Army. Early in the war, McClellan played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army for the Union. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nion general in the American Civil War. A graduate of West Point, he was promoted to major general in 1862 and replaced George B. McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac; he was himself replaced after the Union loss at the Battle of Fredericksburg. He resigned in 1864 after the "Burnside mine" fiasco in the Petersburg Campaign, when a mine explosion intended to damage Confederate troops resulted in heavy Union losses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fought at Bull Run, Antietam, and Chancellorsville. Three days before the Battle of Gettysburg, he replaced Joseph Hooker as commander of the Army of the Potomac. At Gettysburg he repulsed the Confederate attack but was criticized for failing to pursue Robert E. Lee's forces. From |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1864 he was subordinate to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, whom he served loyal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| U.S. president 1873-1877. Military hero of the Civil War, he led a corrupt administration, consisting of friends and relatives. Although Grant was personally a very honest and moral man, his administration was considered the most corrupt the U.S. had had at that time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1815-1902) A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Looking Backwards, 2000-1887
1888 - Utopian novel which predicted the U.S. woudl become a socialist state in which the government would own and oversee the means of production and would unite all people under moral laws. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1857-1915), Tuskegee Institute
(1856-1915) An educator who urged blacks to better themselves through education and economic advancement, rather than by trying to attain equal rights. In 1881 he founded the first formal school for blacks, the Tuskegee Institute. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Joined his brother William in the formation of the Standard Oil Company in 1870 and became very wealthy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ran for president in 1892 election under the Populist Party-offically named the People's Party, but commonly known as the Populist Party, it was founded in 1891 in Cincinnati, Ohio. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Origin of Species
Presented the theory of evolution, which proposed that creation was an ongoing process in which mutation and natural selection constantly give rise to new species. Sparked a long-running religious debate over the issue of creation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What Social Classes Owe to Each Other
Economist and sociologist. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Master of satire. A regionalist writer who gave his stories "local color" through dialects and detailed descriptions. His works include The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, "The Amazing Jumping Frog of Calaverus County," and stories about the American West. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1837-1920)
Editor of the Atlantic Monthly, and a champion of the realist movement in fiction writing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| , Frontier Thesis
American historian who said that humanity would continue to progress as long as there was new land to move into. The frontier provided a place for homeless and solved social problems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A leader of the Populist Party in the South. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In 1890, he wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History. He was a proponent of building a large navy. He said that a new, modern navy was necessary to protect the international trade America depended on. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1856-1914)
Known as the father of the skyscraper because he designed the first steel-skeleton skyscraper. Mentor of Frank Lloyd Wright. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| , Election of 1948: candidate, John Dewey
States' Rights Democrat (Dixiecrat) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Newspaper publisher who adopted a sensationalist style. His reporting was partly responsible for igniting the Spanish-American War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Jungle
The author who wrote a book about the horrors of food productions in 1906, the bad quality of meat and the dangerous working conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Promise of American Life
Editor who wrote The Promise of American Life about government authority being used to balance economic activity. This was the basis for Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 27th President (1908-1912), he was the only man to serve as both President of the U.S. and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Overweight, he was the only president to get stuck in the White House bathtub. Roosevelt supported he in 1908, but later ran against him. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| New Freedom
He believed that monopolies had to be broken up and that the government must regulate business. He believed in competition, and called his economic plan "New Freedom." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Villa attacked Columbus, New Mexico and Pershing was directed to follow him into Mexico. Pershing met with resistance and eventually left without finding Pancho Villa. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Millionaire, he headed the War Industries Board after 1918. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Began to vote with the more liberal members in the liberal-dominated Supreme Court. In June a conservative justice retired and Roosevelt had an opportunity to make an appointment, shifting the Court's stance to support of New Deal legislation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A suffragette who believed that giving women the right to vote would eliminate the corruption in politics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Republican during Depression, created Food Administration
/ led the Food Administration and started many programs to streamline food production and distribution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| , (1855-1937)
One of the wealthiest bankers of his day, and along with other business tycoons, controlled Congress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1887-1940), Universal Negro Improvement Association
Black leader who advocated "black nationalism," and financial independence for Blacks, he started the "Back to Africa" movement. He believed Blacks would not get justice in mostly white nations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| “scopes trial”: Tennessee school teacher, John Scopes, commits violation of the Butler Act, a Tennessee law forbidding public schools from teaching about evolution. Former Democratic presidential candidate, William Jennings Bryan, prosecuted the case, and the famous criminal attorney, Clarence Darrow, defended Scopes. Scopes was convicted and fined $100, but the trial started a shift of public opinion away from Fundamentalism. |
|
|
