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WYSE Botany Study Guide
N/A
32
Biology
12th Grade
02/23/2010
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Term
Groups of cells performing a common function.
 Definition
Tissues.
Term
Groups of tissues performing a common function.
 Definition
Organs.
Term
Three major groups of organs in plants.
 Definition
Leaves, Roots and Stems.
Term
Anchor, absorb and transport water and mineral nutrients; storage of water and organic compounds.
 Definition
Roots.
Term
First root; e.g., taproot.
 Definition
Primary Root.
Term
Grows from stems, leaves (air roots in an orchid).
 Definition
Adventitious Roots.
Term
A plant axis w/ leaves.
 Definition
Stems.
Term
Flattened; usually photosynthetic structure arranged in various ways on a stem.
 Definition
Leaves.
Term
Plants that fix carbon exclusively through the Calvin cycle and contain only one form of chloroplast; produce a 3 carbon phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGA).
 Definition
C3 Plants.
Term
A flowering plant.
 Definition
Angiosperm.
Term
A seed leaf plant in a plant embryo.
 Definition
Cotyledon.
Term
An angiosperm with a single cotyledon, parallel veins, and flower parts in multiples.
 Definition
Monocot.
Term
An angiosperm w/ two cotyledons, net venation and flower parts in fours and fives.
 Definition
Dicot.
Term
A seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary; literally means naked seed.
 Definition
Gymnosperm.
Term
Growth or movement toward the light.
 Definition
Phototropism.
Term
Growth responses to the stimulus of gravity.
 Definition
Gravitropism.
Term
Flowers or plants that complete their cycle in one season and die off when cold weather comes.
 Definition
Annuals.
Term
Last from year to year; die off but come back year after year.
 Definition
Perennials.
Term
Trees or shrubs that lose their leaves annually in the fall.
 Definition
Deciduous.
Term
A mature ovary usually containing seeds; term also somewhat loosely applied to the reproductive structures of groups of plants other than angiosperms.
 Definition
Fruit.
Term
Simple fleshy fruit w/ a single seed enclosed by a hard, stony pit; e.g., coconuts, apricots, peaches, plums, cherries, olives, almonds.
 Definition
Drupe.
Term
Developed from a compound ovary and commonly contain more than one seed; e.g., tomatoes, grapes, pumpkins, cucumbers.
 Definition
Berries.
Term
E.g., tomatoes, grapes, persimmons, peppers and eggplants.
 Definition
True Berries.
Term
E.g., thick rind including pumpkins, cucumbers and watermelons.
 Definition
Pepo.
Term
E.g., leathery skin containing oils such as oranges, lemons, limes or grapefruit.
 Definition
Hesperidium.
Term
E.g., simple fleshy fruits, the bulk of whose flesh comes from the enlarged receptacles that grows up around the ovary, such as apples or pears.
 Definition
Pomes.
Term
Single flower w/ several to many pistons; e.g., raspberries, blackberries, strawberries.
 Definition
Aggregate Fruits.
Term
Derived from several to many individual flowers; each flower has its own receptacle but as flowers mature separately into fruitlets they develop together into a single, larger fruit; e.g., pineapples, figs, mulberries.
 Definition
Multiple Fruits.
Term
A plant having a xylem and phloem.
 Definition
Vascular Plant.
Term
The tissue through which most of the water dissolved by minerals utilized by a plant are conducted; consists of several different types of cells.
 Definition
Xylem.
Term
The food conducting tissue of a vascular plant.
 Definition
Phloem.
Term
Any one of ~20 000 species of VASCULAR plants; reproduce via spores (do not have stems or leaves).
 Definition
Fern.
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