Term
The Allies
The Allies consisted of the U.S., Britain, and the Soviet Union. |
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Definition
Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union
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Term
Anschluss
"Anschluss" was the event in which Hitler annexed Austria into Nazi territory.
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Definition
the name given to the events in which Hitler's Germany took control of Austria in 1938
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Term
Appeasement
Appeasement is the act of obeying one's demands in order to prevent violence/bloodshed. |
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Definition
giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace
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Term
Amistice
An Armistice is an agreement to temporarily cease all fighting. |
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Definition
an agreement to stop fighting
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Term
Aryans
The Aryans were also known as the "superior race". |
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Definition
someone from Northern Europe, especially someone with blond hair and blue eyes
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Term
The Battle of El Alamein
The Battle of El Alamein took place in El Alamein, Egypt, here the allies won.
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Definition
In Egypt, the British finally stopped the German advance during the long Battle. They then turned the tables on the Germans, driving the Axis forces back across Libya into Tunisia.
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Term
Atlantic Charter
The Atlantic Charter detailed Great Britain and the United States' war plans.
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Definition
Aug. 1941, Roosevelt & Churchill met on a warship in the Atlantic in which the 2 leaders set goals for the war (such as "the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny") and for the postwar world
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Term
Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway occurred just six months after the events at Pearl Harbor. |
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Definition
June 4-7, 1942 (6 months after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor); The United States discovers Japan's intended trap at the Midway Atoll and instead the U.S. ambushes the Japanese and they suffer heavy losses and never really recover from this counter-attack
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Term
Battle of Stalingrad
In the Battle of Stalingrad, the Soviets surrounded their German invaders and forced their surrender. |
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Definition
a major tuning point in the Soviet Union, and one of the costliest of the war; In 1942, Hitler was determined to take Stalin's namesake city & Stalin was equally determined not to let it fall; the Soviets end up encircling their attackers and the Germans finally surrender in Jan. 1943
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Term
Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge was Germany's last major offensive during WW2. This occured at Luxembourg, Belgium. |
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Definition
Dec. 1944 - Jan 1945; Germany launches its last massive counterattack of WWII, and there were great losses on both sides; the U.S. suffers the most casualties here out of all the WWII battles: 19,000 dead: Germany holds off Allied advance for about 6 week but eventually loses their foothold
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Term
Berlin Blockade/Airlift
The Berlin Blockade was an event that involved Stalin's attempt to control Berlin. The other allied responded to this by providing Berlin with food and resources. |
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Definition
June 1948 - May 1949, during the Cold War, Stalin tries to completely control Berlin, even though it was occupied and divided by all 4 victorious Allies, by sealing off every railroad and highway into the Western sectors of the city. Western powers responded to the blockade by supplying West Berliners with food and fuel via cargo planes for more than a year - and the Soviets end their blockade but tensions between the countries grows deeper
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Term
Big Three
The "Big Three" refers to the leaders of the Allied countries: J. Stalin, W. Churchill, and F. Roosevelt.
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Definition
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin.
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Term
Blitzkrieg
Hitler's Blitzkrieg was an intense battle intended to bring a swift victory. |
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Definition
"lightning war", where Hitler used improved tank & airpower technology to strike a devastating blow against the enemy
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Term
Cold War
The Cold War was a state of tension between the U.S. and Russia. |
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Definition
this unfriendly relationship between the US and the Soviet Union after the Second World War
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Term
D-Day
D-Day as the day that the Allied forces invaded Normandy, France in Operation Overlord in the summer of '44.
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Definition
June 6, 1944; Allies invade France; 176,000 troops
land on the beaches of Normandy
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Term
The Final Solution
The Final Solution was the intentional eradication of all Jewish people or non-Aryans. |
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Definition
Adolf Hitler's plan to remove Jewish people from Europe by killing them all
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Term
Gernika
Gernika is the ACTUAL name of a small market town in Spain. Despite being heavily damaged by a Nazi air raid, they |
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Definition
a town in the Basque area of northern Spain, which was destroyed by bombs dropped by German aircraft in 1937, during the Spanish Civil War.
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Term
Haile Selassie
Haile Selassie served as Ethiopia's emperor from 1930 to 1974. |
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Definition
the emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974, who is remembered especially for having modernized his country
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Term
The Munich Conference
The Munich Conference involved the Czechs being convinced to appease Hitler by giving up their Sudetenland to Germany. |
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Definition
Sept. 1938, British & French persuaded the Czechs to surrender the Sudetenland to Hitler
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Term
Hiroshima
In 1945, the "Little Boy" atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima by American aircraft. |
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Definition
a city in Japan which was destroyed in 1945 during
World War II, when a U.S. nuclear bomb was
dropped on it, killing very many people
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Term
Kamikaze Pilots
The Kamikaze Pilots were Japanese suicide bombers who targeted American watercraft. |
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Definition
Japanese pilots who undertook suicide missions,
crashing their explosive-laden airplanes into American
warships
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Term
Reparations
Reparations is money used to rebuild after a war. |
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Definition
money paid by a defeated country after a war
(ex. Germany), for all the deaths, damage etc it has
caused
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Term
Miracle of Dunkirk
The Miracle of Dunkirk as an event in which several French and British soldiers very luckily |
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Definition
British sent all available naval vessels, merchant
ships, and fishing boats across the English Channel
and despite German air attacks, the armada ferried more
than 300,000 troops to safety in Britain; this heroic
rescue raised British morale
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Term
Nazi-Soviet Pact
The Nazi-Soviet Pact temporarily created peace between the S.U. and Germany as long as one of them went to war. |
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Definition
publicly bound Hitler & Stalin to peaceful relations;
but secretly the 2 agreed not to fight if the other went
to war to divide up Poland and other parts of Eastern
Europe between them
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Term
NATO
NATO as a multi-national group that provided eachother with military help when a nation needed it. |
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Definition
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; a group of
countries including the US and several European
countries, which give military help to each other
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Term
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japanese fighter planes in 1941 in Honolulu, Hawaii. |
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Definition
an important US naval base in Hawaii, which was suddenly attacked by Japanese planes in December 1941. Many warships were destroyed or damaged, and this caused great shock and anger in the US, and made the US start fighting in World War II.
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Term
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
The Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis was an alliance that focused on fighting against communism. |
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Definition
The Axis Powers; the 3 countries agreed to fight
Soviet communism, and not to interfere with one
another's for territorial expansion
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Term
Treaty of Versailles (Regards to Germany)
The Treaty of Versailles focused on punishing Germany by holding them accountable for the war, any and all damages, and they had to pay huge reparations. |
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Definition
a peace agreement made in 1919 at Versailles in
France, following the defeat of Germany in World
War I, between Germany and the allies (=the
countries that fought against Germany in the war,
including France, Russia, the UK, and the US).
According to the treaty, Germany lost some of its
land and had to agree to pay large amounts of money
to the allies for damage caused by the war. The treaty
also established the League of Nations
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Term
League of Nations
The League of Nations' job was to unite multiple nations so they can work together to peacefully solve economic problems, disputes, etc. |
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Definition
an international organization that was established
after World War I to encourage countries to work
together and achieve international peace. It was
replaced in 1946 by the United Nations
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Term
Total War
Total War involves the use of any and all people, resources, etc. for the war effort. |
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Definition
channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war
effort.
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Term
Truman Doctrine
Under the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. promised to provide economic, food, or fuel assistance to any nation under threat of an authoritarian government. |
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Definition
United States policy, established in 1947, of trying to
contain the spread of communism
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Term
United Nations
The United nations was established in 1945. |
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Definition
1st meeting in April 1945, 50 nations met to draft
the charter for the UN; each member nation has 1
vote in the General Assembly; a smaller body, the
Security Council has greater power and is made up of
5 permanent members: The U.S., Russia, Britain,
France, and China; final ratification in Oct. 1945;
currently 192 member countries
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Term
V-E Day
This V-E Day marked the end of WW2 in Europe. |
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Definition
Victory in Europe Day; May 8th, 1945, the day in which victory in Europe in WW2 was celebrated.
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