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Definition
The Hindu gods:
Brahma - the creator
Shiva - the destroyer & lord of the dance
Vishnu - the preserver
Krishna - avatar (incarnation of Vishnu) |
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Definition
brahmins - priests & intellectuals
Kshatriyas - warriors & rulers
Vaishyas - artisans & farmers
Sudras - unskilled laborers
untouchables (dalits ) lowest social caste |
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Definition
| Major Works - The Mahabharata, The Ramayana, The Vedas, The Puranas |
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Definition
created by music, dance, mime, poetry, costume, make-up, mask (together)
translated:aesthetic delight, fundamental mood, joyful conscousness, sentiment |
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Definition
great literary epic
(major work of sanskrit literature) |
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Definition
great literary epic
(major work of sanskrit literature) |
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Definition
Art of Theatre
Oldest script of sanskrit dramaturgy
composed between 200BC to 200AD
sacred text
just like Aristotle's Poetics
Written by Bharata under inspiration of Brahma |
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Definition
"Shakespeare of Sanskrit Drama"
Greatest Poet and dramatist of Sanskrit Literature
Wrote in 4th to 6th century AD
author of the recognition of Sakuntala |
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Definition
Most revered in the west
dance drama
ritualized and colorized
starts out with women performing - then men start to play women's roles |
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Definition
gestural language
(Hand gestures, facial movements, poses, gaits) |
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Definition
spoke opera
song of celestials - link between heaven and earth
***ask tyler - look at notes |
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Term
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Definition
One play in the Nataka category (a type of sanskrit drama)
*Kings/Princes
*5-7 acts
*dominant sentiment is love or heroism
*heroic stories |
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Term
| What is the goal of Sanskrit Theatre? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three sacred texts that serve as the basis of the stories for Hindu Epic Literature and Indian theatre? |
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Definition
The Mahabharata
The Raayana
The Vedas
The Puranas
????? |
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Term
| What are the two types of drama according to the Natyasastra that we discussed in class? Briefly describe each type and give an example of a play and playwright for each type. |
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Definition
Nataka (Sakuntala)
- kings/princes
- 5-7 acts
- dominant sentiment is love or heroism
- heroic stories
Prakarana (The Little Clay Cart)
- romances
- no kings/princes - more domestic |
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Term
| If you were to attend a performance of Kathakali, what would the performance experience be like? (Be specific about performance space, audience, time of day and length of performance, etc.) |
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Definition
space: 1/4 backstage, 1/4 stage, 1/2 audience
curtain between backstage and stage
musicians up center
verbal scenery
audience: alert, honest, learned, quiet, knowledgeable
performance: intended to entertain and educate |
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| How are performers trained for Indian theatre and what kind of skills must they have? |
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Definition
very rigorous training
takes years to be trained
actors are trained by the sudrahara |
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Term
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Definition
Tang Emperor
Theatre School at Xian
Wrote Children of the Pear Garden |
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Term
| "Children of the Pear Garden" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
under mongol rule, golden age of drama
popular theatre, equal to our elizabethan age
bare stage, embroidered backdrop, colorful costumes & props, men & women perform, "painted face" established |
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Definition
mongols overthrown
refined, elitist theatre develops
ming drama form: prologue & 40+ scenes, any character sings, flute & percussion accompaniment
starts w/prologue followed by very short scenes (each has its own title) |
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Definition
"aristotle" of China
first chinese theorist to examine playwrighting
legitamized position of the actress |
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Term
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Definition
dominant form in 16th-18th centuries
synthesized earlier forms that go back to the 3rd century
incorporated drama, opera, dance, mime, farce
most famous: the peony pavilion
based on familiar stories: journey to the west - romance of three kingdoms
repressed in cultural revolution. |
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Term
| Beijing (Peking) Opera (Jingxi or Ching Hsi) |
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Definition
developed in Qing Dynasty
Open Raised Platform, audience on 3 sides, curtian between doors. |
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Term
| Sheng (Lao Sheng, Xio Sheng, Wu Sheng) |
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Definition
Male role
not painted face roles
subcategories: middle age or elderly, young, martial arts |
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Term
| Dan (Qing Yi, Hua Dan, Dao Ma Dan, Wu Dan, Lao Dan) |
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Definition
female role
subcategories:modest maden, flirtatious maid, female warrior, female acrobat |
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Definition
Painted face role
sub categories: brave warriors, swashbuckling bandits, crafty & evil ministers, upright judges, supernatural beings |
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Definition
clown
subcategories: (military comedian, civilian comedian, female clown) |
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| Repression that lasted 10 years, closed school and made kids join the red guars and planned on destroying theatre. |
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Term
What elements in Chinese theatre make it appealing to audiences?
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Definition
theatrical
- waving of the blue fabric for water
????? |
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Term
| What are some of the attributes of Yuan drama?What are some examples of the types of plays you would find in Yuan drama? |
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Definition
plays called "zaju"
songs sung by protagonist
other characters recited lines
orchestra:gong, drum, clapper, pipa
establighed the chinese character types
six types of plays: i.e. love stories, domestic dramas and comedies, supernatural stories, bandit-hero, |
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| Describe the staging of traditional Chinese theatre: What kind of stage? what kind of settings? |
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Definition
bare stage
embroidered backdrop upstage with two doors
colorful costumes and props
men & women perform
"painted face" established |
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Term
| Who is called the “Aristotle of China” and why? |
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Definition
Li-Yu
First Chinese Theorist to examine playwright |
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Term
| What are two famous works that serve as resources for Chinese opera plots or scenarios? |
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Definition
Journey to the West
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
(Kunqu Opera) |
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Term
characters, plot, themes and significance of...
Snow in Midsummer |
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Definition
Written by Guan Hanqing
Genre: Chinese Crime & Detective Fiction
Theme: Justice & Human Affairs
-injustice: she is framed and killed
-she comes back as a ghost and talks to her father and her father carries out the justice against Donkey Zhang
she speaks in lyric poetry (other characters - various forms of verse) |
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Term
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Definition
Japanese Theatre (stuck in the past)
Evolved from Buddhist festivals and folk dances
meditative in nature - people learn from the play
ritual aspects, exact replication
goal: instill a mood and emotion and evoke a spiritual state
for educated people |
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Definition
all roles played by men
moves on with the times
pageantry & transformation
5-act structure, performance lasts all day
for everyone |
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Term
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Definition
Like Kabuki but with Puppets
built around a song narrative
illustrated by puppets
1 puppet operated by 3 puppeteers |
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Term
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Definition
character in make-up - common fellow
category of script - farce |
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Term
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Definition
| Father of Father/Son Team that formalized Noh Theatre in 14th century |
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Definition
Son of Father/Son team that formalized Noh Theatre in 14th century
greatest playwright of Noh Theatre
Wrote Atsumori (wrote 50 plays) (also wrote Kadensho) |
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Term
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Definition
Play written by Zeami
says what theatre is supposed to be!
& how it is supposed to be acted and played! |
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Term
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Definition
masked role in Noh Theatre
Major Role
The Doer |
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Term
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Definition
masked role in Noh Theatre
Major Role
companion of the main character |
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Term
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Definition
temple maiden that danced at Kyoto shrine in 1603
(Kabuki) |
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Term
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Definition
most significant feature in Kabuki Theatre
Entrance ramp through the audience to display important actors |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized movements and gestures and vocal patterns |
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Term
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Definition
| frozen posture (feeling of the character at the moment) |
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Term
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Definition
type of kata
exciting walk or dance used in the entrance/exit on the hanamichi |
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Term
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Definition
| greatest Kabuki Playwright |
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Term
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Definition
type of kabuki actor
warriors and demons
manly role
(samurai - warrior, fierce guides, or demons) |
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Term
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Definition
type of kabuki actor
gentle male
lovers
young prince or royalty |
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Term
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Definition
type of kabuki actor
female
man is able to represent the essence of womanhood better than the woman could |
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Term
| What are the essential features of the Noh Theatre stage? |
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Definition
Square, raised platform, polished floor
4 pillars
painted pine tree
walkway (bridgeway) - at the end of the walkway there is a multicolored curtain - mirror room is behind the curtain
mirror room - where the actor dresses and takes on the character. |
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Term
| What are the principle character types of Noh drama? |
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Definition
shite - the doer
tsure - companion to main character
waki - sideman (commentator)
kokata - a child or minor role
kyogen - a common fellow
other people onstage (chorus, drummers, fluteplayer, stage hand) |
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Term
| The Noh drama falls into five categories–what are they? |
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Definition
god plays
warrior plays
woman plays
living person plays
demon plays |
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Term
| What European theatre playwrights were influenced by the Noh drama? |
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Definition
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| What are the two aims of the Noh drama – what does this drama intend to do? |
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Definition
instill a mood and emotion
evoke a spiritual state |
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| What are the essential features of the Kabuki Theatre stage and auditorium? |
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Definition
proscenium theatre - audience on 3 sides
hanamichi - ramp through the middle of audience
stage can be a revolve
backdrops change
front curtain - striped fabric |
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Term
| What are some examples of the theatre technology one might find in a Kabuki theatre? |
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Definition
stage can be a revolve
traps, flys, curtains |
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Term
| What is Kata? Give examples of how this is employed in Kabuki performance. |
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Definition
specialized movements and gestures and vocal patterns
- genroku mie (frozen posture - feeling of the character at the moment)
- roppo (exciting walk or dance used in the entrance exit on the hanamichi) |
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Term
| How does Bunraku relate to Kabuki? What aspects of staging do they share? |
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Definition
| Only difference is Bunraku is performed with puppets |
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Term
characters, plot, themes and significance of...
Atsumori |
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Definition
crowning achievement of Noh plays because of it's elegant, mysterious beauty
reflects zen spritual feeling
awareness about how short life is - karma
ghost that comes back because passion and desire did not end with death. (ghost as leading characters) |
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