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WRHS Honors Biology Aug 2011
Required flashcards for summer project
59
Science
9th Grade
08/19/2011

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
a~ or an
Definition

Not or Without

 

Analgia:  Absence of pain

Term
geo~
Definition

earth

 

geology: The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the earth.

Term
photo~
Definition

light



photosynthesis: the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water (with the release of oxygen) using light energy absorbed by chlorophyll

 

Term
semi~
Definition

half

 

semiannual: occurring every half-year

Term
bi~
Definition

two

 

biangular: Having two angles or corners.


Term
cyto~
Definition

cell or cells

 

cytoplasm: The protoplasm outside the nucleus of a cell

Term
myo~ or myso~
Definition

muscle

 

myocardial infarction: heart attack

Term
osteo~
Definition

bone

 

osteocarcoma: A malignant bone tumor

Term
chondr~
Definition

cartilage

 

chondralgia pain that appears to originate in cartilage.

Term
peri~
Definition

around

 

perilymph: The fluid in the space between the membranous and bony labyrinths of the inner ear.

Term
macro~
Definition

large

 

macrocystis:  

An immensely long blackish seaweed of the Pacific (Macrocystis  pyrifera), having numerous almond-shaped air vessels.


Term
auto~
Definition

self

 

autology: the study of oneself.

Term
syn~
Definition

together

 

synchondrosis: 

A form of articulation in which the bones are rigidly fused by cartilage.

Term
neuro~
Definition

nerve

 

neuron: 

Any of the impulse-conducting cells that constitute the brain, spinal column, and nerves, consisting of a nucleated cell body with one or more dendrites and a single axon. Also called nerve cell.

Term
iso~
Definition

equal

 

isogenesis: 

the state or process of deriving from the same source or origins, as different parts deriving from the same embryo tissues.

Term
homo~
Definition

same or alike

 

homologous: 

1.  Corresponding or similar in position, value, structure, or function.

2. Biology Similar in structure and evolutionary origin, though not necessarily in function, as the flippers of a seal and the hands of a human.

3. Immunology Relating to the correspondence between an antigen and the antibody produced in response to it.

4. Genetics Having the same morphology and linear sequence of gene loci as another chromosome.


Term
hetero~
Definition

different or other

 

heterogeneous: 

Consisting of dissimilar elements or parts; not homogeneous


heterogenous: 

Not arising within the body; derived from another individual or species: a heterogenous bone transplant.

Term
endo~
Definition

in or not or within

 

endogenous:

a) Produced or growing from within or b) Originating or produced within an organism, tissue, or cell: endogenous secretions.

Term
exo~
Definition

out or exit

 

exoskeletal:

A hard outer structure, such as the shell of an insect or crustacean, that provides protection or support for an organism.

Term
epi~
Definition

upon or above

 

epidermis:

  The outer, protective, nonvascular layer of the skin of vertebrates, covering the dermis

Term
nomen~
Definition

name

 

nomenclature:

A system of names used in an art or science: the nomenclature of mineralogy.

Term
zoo~
Definition

animal

 

zoology:

The branch of biology that deals with animals and animal life, including the study of the structure, physiology, development, and classification of animals.

Term
~in
Definition

protein

 

Calpain:

A proteolytic enzyme that is regulated by the concentration of calcium ions.

Term
~ase
Definition

enzyme

 

Collagenase:

Any of various enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of collagen and gelatin.

Term
~chord
Definition

nerve or spinal cord

 

Notochord:

A flexible rodlike structure that forms the main support of the body in the lowest chordates, such as the lancelet; a primitive backbone.

Term
~therm
Definition

heat

 

Exotherm:

a compound that gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during its decomposition

Term
~phage
Definition

eat or engulf

 

Melanophage: A phagocytic cell which engulfs and contains melanin.

Term
~soma
Definition

body or object

 

Mesosoma:

he mesosoma is the middle part of the body, or tagma, of arthropods whose body is composed of three parts, the other two being the prosoma and the metasoma. It bears the legs, and, in the case of winged insects, the wings.

Term
~genesis
Definition

origin or producing or birth

 

thermogenesis:

Generation or production of heat, especially by physiological processes.

Term
~logy
Definition

study of

 

protozoology:

The biological study of protozoans.

Term
~derm
Definition

skin or covering

 

scleroderm:

One of a tribe of plectognath fishes (Sclerodermi) having the skin covered with hard scales, or plates, as the cowfish and the trunkfish.

Term
~vore
Definition

to eat

 

locavore:

Locavore" is a word first introduced on the occasion of World Environment Day 2005 to describe and promote the practice of eating a diet consisting of food harvested from within an area most commonly bound by a 100 mile radius. The word was created by a group of people from the San Francisco area who also took it as their group's namesake. 

Term
~ose
Definition

carbohydrate (sugar)

 

fructose:

A very sweet sugar, C6H12O6, occurring in many fruits and honey and used as a preservative for foodstuffs and as an intravenous nutrient. Also called fruit sugarlevulose.

Term
~cardia
Definition

heart

 

tachycardia:

A rapid heart rate, especially one above 100 beats per minute in an adult.

Term
~troph
Definition

feeding or nourish

 

heterotroph:

An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition

Term
~sis
Definition

process

 

hydrolysis:

Decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water, such as the dissociation of a dissolved salt or the catalytic conversion of starch to glucose.

Term
~lysis
Definition
burst
Term
~pore
Definition

hole

 

macropore:

cavities which are larger than 50 nm[1] which may occur in various solids. In the soil, they created by such agents as plant roots, soil cracks, or soil fauna. Macropores increase the hydraulic conductivity of the soil, allowing water to infiltrate faster or for shallow groundwater to flow faster.

Term
~ped
Definition

foot

 

anomaliped:

One of a group of perching birds, having the middle toe more or less united to the outer and inner ones.

Term
~nomy
Definition

ordered knowledge

 

odontonomy:

The nomenclature of dental structures and tissues.


Term
~cide
Definition

killer or killing

 

Scilliroside:

A potent emetic isolated from squill or sea onion—Urginea (Scilla) maritima—which was once used as a rat poison. Scilliroside production was discontinued worldwide in 1980.
Toxicity Vomiting, diuresis, clonic seizures, respiratory failure

Term
~blast
Definition

bud or beginning stage



brachyblast: A short shoot often bearing clusters of leaves.

Term
~mer
Definition

unit or molecule


polymer:

Any of numerous natural and synthetic compounds of usually high molecular weight consisting of up to millions of repeated linked units, each a relatively light and simple molecule.

Term
~ititis
Definition

disease or inflammation

 

otitis:  Inflammation of the ear

Term
Scientific method/process
Definition
noun | a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses
Term
Hypothesis
Definition

A hypothesis is a proposition that is consistent with known data, but has been neither verified nor shown to be false.

 

In statistics, a hypothesis (sometimes called a statistical hypothesis) refers to a statement on which hypothesis testing will be based. Particularly important statistical hypotheses include thenull hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.

 

Term
Law
Definition

A generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature

(such as the law of thermodynamics)

Term
Theory
Definition
A well substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomenon
Term
Data
Definition
(used with a plural verb [image]individual facts, statistics, oritems of information: These data represent the results ofour analyses. Data are entered by terminal for immediateprocessing by the computer.

Plural of datum

(used with a singular verb [image]a body of facts; information:Additional data is available from the president of the firm.

 

 

 

 

Term
Observation
Definition

an act or instance of viewing or noting a fact or occurrencefor some scientific or other special purpose: the observationof blood pressure under stress.

Term
Quantiative data
Definition
  • Deals with numbers.
  • Data which can be measured.
  • Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed, time, temperature, humidity, sound levels, cost, members, ages, etc.
Term
Interdependence
Definition

The quality or condition of being interdependent, or mutuallyreliant on each other: Globalization of economies leads to anever-increasing interdependence of countries.

Term
Qualitative data
Definition
  • Deals with descriptions.
  • Data can be observed but not measured.
  • Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance, beauty, etc.
Term
Abiotic factors
Definition

a nonliving condition or thing, as climate or habitat, thatinfluences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it: Abioticfactors can determine which species of organisms will survive in agiven environment.

Term
Biotic factors
Definition

A living thing, as an animal or plant, that influences or affects an ecosystem: How do humans affect other biotic factors? Weatheris not a biotic factor because it is not alive.

Term
Biodiversity
Definition

diversity among and within plant and animal species in an environment.

Term
Independent Variable
Definition
Mathematics a variable in a functional relation whose valuedetermines the value or values of other variables, as x  inthe relation y  = 3 x 2 

Statistics (in an experiment) a variable that is intentionallychanged to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
Mathematics a variable in a functional relation whose valueis determined by the values assumed by other variables inthe relation, as y  in the relation y  = 3 x 2 

Statistics (in an experiment) the event studied and expected to change when the independent variable ischanged. 
Term
Control Variable
Definition

Statistics a person, group, event,etc., that is used as a constant and unchanging standard ofcomparison in scientific experimentation. 

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