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| holy person in christianity |
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| study of a religion's salvific traditions |
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| study of "last matters"; death |
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| study of the universe's nature |
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| branch of philosophy that deals with human nature; studies most general or ultimate characters of reality |
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| myths that teach the cause of something |
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| believes in the existence of an impersonal supreme being, but not a personal god (created the world, but has no intervention in our life) |
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| 2 gods of equal powers in opposition |
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| is an official teaching from a hierarchy (Catechist) |
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| statements of belief (NIcene Creed) |
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| guidelines for behavior (Decalogue, 5 precepts) |
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| how right and wrong is determined (10 Commandments, Beatitudes) |
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| god exists in everything and everywhere |
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| all reality is one essence |
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| believes in the existence of a personal god |
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| do not believe in the existence of a personal god or an impersonal supreme reality |
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| does not believe that the existence of god can be proven, therefore they do not concern themselves |
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| in a cave he encounters Allah |
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| descendants as numerous as stars, sacrificing his son - testing his love |
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| tree - enlightenment; realizes sickness and death - goes out in search of solution; asceticism is not correct, finds Middle Way |
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| leader of Tibetan Buddhism |
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| (wisdom) are collections of religious songs, hymns, spells and rituals. Vedas are considered Shruti= divinely revealed scripture |
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| a system of symbols, myths, doctrines, ethics and rituals for the xperience of the ultimate relevance |
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| Jesus' Religious Experience |
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-ascetic life with John the Baptist in the Judean Desert
-Baptism - Desert - 3 Temptations
-not only the founders of a religion have a peak experience
- followers and important leaders at different periods of a religion's history have unique experience that serves as an example for others |
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| sacred river to Hundus; purifies sins - water is life giving; ritual baths |
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| Doctrine of the Middle Way |
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| spirit and body are equally balanced |
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- a raft
-Hinayana means "small raft"
-Theravada means "the way of the elders"
-claim to hold onto the original doctrines of the Buddha
-salvation is purely up to the person - responsible for their own
-ultimate virtue is wisdom (bodhi)
-ideal person: saint (arhat) who attains parinirvana
-practice centers on monasticism and meditation |
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| saint who attains parinirvana |
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| obtaining nirvana before death |
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-"great raft"
-largest group - began in 200 BCE
-claim to follow the example of the Buddha
-ultimate virtue is compassion
-ideal person is the bodhisattva; "one whose essence is perfect wisdom" because they have attained nirvana and guide others
-practice centers on ritual meditation |
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Buddhism's doctrines:
-Four Noble Truths
-Eightfold path
-Five Precepts
-Three Marks of Existence
-Nirvana |
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| rejection of physical luxuries in order to achieve spiritual enlightenment |
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| 1 of 3 marks of existence; (impermanence) - the realization of change |
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-"quietude"
-began in China in 520 CE with the monk Bodhidharma
-"living for the moment"
-preaches acceptance of the world as it is, with no preconceived notions
-focuses on meditation and present-moment living
-scriptures contain almost illogical sayings known as koans (goal is to shock the mind out of its everyday patterns of thought) |
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| 1 of 3 marks of existence; (suffering) - life has become disordered |
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-Dukkha
-Tanha
-Nirodha
-Magga |
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| (desiere of attachments) - this is not the root of all disease |
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| (the cessation of all suffering) |
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| (the cure) - the eightfold path |
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correct way of looking at life' we need interaction beyond ourselves
1. Right Views- a plan
2. Right Intentions - goals
3. Right Speech - think before you speak
4. Right Conduct - morality
5. Right livelihood - how you live your life
6. Right Effort - concentration - giving your best
7. Right Mindfulness - concentration - know who you are
8. Right Meditation - concentration - clearing poisons of the mind |
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| 1 of 3 marks of existence; (no self) - since all things change, including the Self, there can't be a permanent self |
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any lay Buddhists (Sangha) are to refrain from:
1. Sensual misconducts
2. Dishonesty
3. Destroying life
4. Stealing
5. Using Intoxicants |
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-"vehicle of the diamond"
-dates back to 200 CE in Tibet
-has an official hierarchy: lamas - "teachers"
-leader - Dalai Lama (14th reincarnation) - "ocean of wisdom
-Goal is to fight desires by focusing on good desires: Mantras, Mudras, Mandalas/Thangkas |
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| monotonous, hypnotic, repeated phrase |
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| choreographed hand movements |
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| artistic symbols used to excite the sense |
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| in Northern India where Siddhartha was born and religion began |
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| special symbols that are inscribed on the ground of the temple to invoke particular Loas |
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| loa of the dead; usually pictured as a grinning Skeleton in a top hat |
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| (great master) also known as "Bondye" from the French "bon dieu" (good god). Gran met is the true deity who presides over the spirit world but not worshiped directly |
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| further initiation into the tradition of a particular Loa and is considered a Hougan |
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| supreme human authority who can initiate petitioners into any grade |
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-primary worship of the Loas takes place at ceremonial dances
-special symbols, called veves, are inscribed on the ground of the temple to invoke particular loas. Each loa has own chants, songs, drums. manifest by possessing participants
-each loa has a set of behaviors |
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| original African loas who are gentle and beneficent |
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| fiery, vengeful, patrons of the slave revolutions of Haiti named "Don Pedro" |
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| "les morts" the spirits of the dead |
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| (wealth, fame, power) - desire |
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| (sensual pleasure) - desire |
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| (liberation-absolute) - reunciation |
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| (call to service- ethical duty)- renunciation |
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| caste of the working class/producers |
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| caste of the servants and followers; unskilled laborers |
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| caste of priests/philosophers; determine the meaning of life |
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| caste of the admins/warriors; highest rank in salary/power |
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| outcasts; "untouchables" - name by Ghandi |
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| elephant god of prosperity and remover of obstacles |
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| god of preservation and protector of universe; greatest god |
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| god of destruction; destroys illusions and imperfections of this world, paving the way for beneficial change |
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| creation is many cycles of creation and destruction - world is illusion |
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| cyclical, eternal, and degenerative; closely related to the Atman |
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| god through LOVE (devotion) |
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| god through SELFLESS WORK |
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| god through MEDITATION (psychophysical exercise) |
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