Shared Flashcard Set

Details

World Religions 110
Exam 1 Flash Cards
84
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
02/27/2011

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Religion
Definition
"spirtiual path"
"reconnect" - join human realm with spiritual realm
Term
Eight Elements of Religion
Definition
1.belief system
2.community
3.central myths
4.rituals
5.ethics
6.characteristic emotional experiences
7.material expression
8.sacredness
Term
Civil Religion
Definition
A belief system connected to a country that has elements of religion
Term
Sanatana dharma - Hinduism
Definition
religion of eternal laws
Term
Vedas
Definition
books of knowledge
Term
Upanisads
Definition
Hindu philosophical texts 1500-BCE
Term
Vedas
Definition
Hindu Book of Knowledge (2000-1700 BCE)
Term
Ramayana+Mahbharata
Definition
Hindu Epics
Term
Bhagavad Gita
Definition
Religious literary work
"good song"
Story about the Great War - Krishna and Arjuna
Term
Krishna
Definition
incarnation of the supreme soul in the Bhagavad Gita
Term
Arjuna
Definition
Common man - warrior in the Bhagavad Gita
Term
Jnana Yoga
Definition
Hindu Path of knowledge (meditation)
Term
Karma Yoga
Definition
Hindu Path of action (Dharma)
Term
Bhakti Yoga
Definition
Hindu Path of devotion (worship of gods)
Term
Puranas
Definition
Hindu ancient stories of the gods
Term
Brahman
Definition
Hindu "eternal waters"
impersonal god = ultimate reality
Term
Atman
Definition
Hindu individual soul/fraction of Brahman
Term
Moksha
Definition
Hindu liberation from the cycle of rebirths by knowledge "I am Brahman"
Term
svarga
Definition
hindu heaven - not the ultimate goal
Term
maya
Definition
"illusion" - what keeps us from seeing reality correctly
Term
myth of Purusha
Definition
base of the caste system, myth of creation
Term
caste system
Definition
society is a body and needs all parts to function correctly
parts:
1.priests and teachers
2.warriors and rulers
3. merchants and farmers
4. manual labors
Term
Trimurti
Definition
three forms of the divine:
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva =
creation, sustenance, destruction
Term
Karma
Definition
chain of cause of effect
Term
dharma
Definition
hindu: duty according to one's caste
Term
Avatara
Definition
"descent" of ViSnu on earth to 'save the virtuous and punish the wicked'
Term
Sati
Definition
self immolation of a widow on her husband's funeral pyre
Term
Nanak + Sikhism
Definition
new forms of Hinduism in response to interaction between Hinduism and Islam
Term
Brahma Samaj
Definition
reformed Hinduism
-more western
-emphasis on women's education
Term
Arya Samaj
Definition
revival of Orthodox Hinduism
Term
Ramakrishna
Definition
experimental harmony among all religions
"all religions lead to the same reality"
Term
Gandhi
Definition
reinterpreted Hinduism in socio-political context
Term
Ahimsa
Definition
Gandhi's teaching of non-violence
Term
Satyagrapha
Definition
Gandhi - "holding on to the truth"
Term
Punarjanma/Samsara
Definition
cycle of rebirth
Term
Gautama Siddhartha
Definition
name of first Buddha
Term
Shakyammi
Definition
alternate name of Buddha
Term
Four Noble Truths
Definition
1.suffering
2.cause = desire
3.ending = nirvana
4.path = eightfold path
Term
Eightfold Path
Definition
1.right understanding
2.right intention
3.right speech
4.right action
5. right work
6. right effort
7. right meditation
8. right contemplation
Term
samsara
Definition
constant rebirth, suffering, everyday changing world
Term
Karma
Definition
action/deed
Term
Nirvana
Definition
release from the suffering = inner peace
Term
Three Jewels
Definition
1. Buddha (the awakened one)
2. Dharma (his teachings)
3. Sangha (union)
Term
Three Baskets - Tripitaka
Definition
1.sermons
2.discipline
3.systematic interpretation
Term
Three Marks of Reality
Definition
1.change
2.no permanent identity
3. suffering
Term
Dukkha
Definition
Buddhism - sorrow/misery
Term
Three Vehicles
Definition
1. Theravada -elders (only monks reach nirvana)
2. Mahayana "big vehicle" (anyone can reach nirvana)
3. Vajrayana "diamond vehicle" (sexual practices)
Term
Ashoka
Definition
Buddhist king - spread ideas of nonviolence through India
Term
Arhat
Definition
person who has reached nirvana
Term
Bodhisattva
Definition
person who does not enter nirvana but is reborn to help others
Term
Shunyata
Definition
universe is empty of permanent reality
Term
Karuna
Definition
compassion, empathy

Confucian virture
Term
Zen
Definition
Meditation
Term
Zazen
Definition
sitting meditation
Term
Koan
Definition
question that can not be answered with logic
Term
Pure land
Definition
form of Buddhism that encourages repetition of phrases
Term
Amitabha Buddha
Definition
Buddha of western paradise
Term
Tendai
Definition
organized teachings of Buddha - ladder of steps leading to full enlightenment
Term
Shingon
Definition
chanting mantras - sacred chants
Term
Lotus sutra
Definition
discourse delivered by Buddha towards the end of his life
Term
Dao
Definition
mysterious origin of the universe
Term
Yijing
Definition
ancient Confucian book of divination (1 of 5 classics)
Term
Yang
Definition
represents speech, light, heat, male
Term
Yin
Definition
represents silence, darkness, coolness, female
Term
Analects
Definition
book of sayings of Confucius
Term
Ren
Definition
empathy, consideration for others, humaneness
(Confucian virtue)
Term
Li
Definition
appropriate action, ritual, propriety, etiquette
(Confucian virtue)
Term
Shu
Definition
reciprocity
(Confucian Virtue)
Term
Wen
Definition
Cultural refinement
(Confucian virtue)
Term
Junzi (Chun-tzu)
Definition
"noble person"
refined human ideal of Confucianism
Term
Mandate of Heaven
Definition
how nature works, if you lose balance with nature there will be consequences (natural disasters)
Term
Five Great Relationships
Definition
everyone fits at least one, have a duty in accordance to your role
ex. Ruler-subjects, parent-child, friend-friend, sibling-sibling, husband-wife
Term
Rectification of Names
Definition
to know one's roles in the web of relationships that create community, and behaving accordingly so as to ensure social harmony
Term
Five Classics
Definition
classical literature of the time preceding Confucius
Term
Laozi (Lao Tzu)
Definition
founder of Daoism - against learning
Term
Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu)
Definition
Author of Zhuangzi - advice for turning away from the world and it's struggles
Term
Tao Te Ching (Daode Jing)
Definition
alternate name = Laozi
book written to a ruler about how to make themselves the perfect channel of the Dao
Term
Wu Wei
Definition
"no action"
doing only what comes naturally - effortless
Term
Chi (Qi)
Definition
life force
Term
Shaman
Definition
human who contacts + manipulates spirits for the tribe or group
Term
Taboo
Definition
strong social prohibition
Term
Totem
Definition
animal that is considered to be related by blood to a family or clan

guardian or symbol
Term
Animism
Definition
nonhuman things possessing a human-like life force or spirit
Term
Sacred Space/Time
Definition
Space - any place with spiritual power
Time - time to renew/purify spirit (holidays/festivals)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!