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-first group to settle in Greece
-good fighters, sailors, and traders |
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-lasted 10 years
-reasons: 1) Helen of Troy was kidnapped
2) control of the Aegan Sea |
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-moved into destroyed land
-didn't have advanced technology needed to stay in the land so economy and community failed |
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-Greece's greatest storyteller
-wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey based on the Trojan War |
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| a narrative poem celebrating a heroic deed (usually an exaggerated story) |
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a traditional story teaching a message (an untrue story)
-usually based on Greek gods |
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| the public center on top of a fortified hilltop |
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| king or monarch rules government alone |
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| small group of noble, land-owning family controls government |
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| a few powerful people rule the government |
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| a military formation/strategy |
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| a powerful individual who attempts to take over the government |
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| a peasant forced to stay on the land they work |
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| citizens participate directly in political decision making |
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-between Greece and Persian Empires
-lasted many years |
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| people are directly involved in the government |
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| focused on order, balance, and proportion |
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| a serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, or betrayal |
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| a drama containing slap-stick and crude humor, or made fun of a subject such as politics, respected people, customs, or ideas of the time |
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-between Sparta and Athens because Athens was being selfish
-lasted 27 years |
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-believed absolute standards exist for justice and truth
-encouraged Greeks to do introspection
-says to question everything |
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-had a vision of a perfectly governed society
-believed person with most intellect would be philosopher-king
-believed everyone was different |
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-questioned nature of the world, and human belief, thought, and knowledge
-invented method for arguing according to rules of logic
-used his method in psychology, physics, and biology
-taught Alexander the Great |
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-became king of Macedonia and conquered Greece
-father of Alexander the Great |
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| kingdom that conquered Greece and eliminated city-states |
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| -Athenian otator who tried to unite the Greek city-states against Macedonia |
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-takes over the Persian Empire
-empire spanned over three continents
-cultures mixed to form new culture |
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| king of Persia, defeated by Greece |
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| Greek, Egyptian, Indian,and Persian cultures blended together to form a new culture |
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| the main center of commerce and Hellenistic culture |
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| a highly regarded mathematician who opened a school of geometry in Alexandria |
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| a scientist who accurately estimated the value of pi, the law of the lever, and inventedthe compound pulley, the Archimedes screw, and a catapult |
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| the largest Hellenistic realist sculpture: bronze and over 100 ft. tall |
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| people choose their representatives and the representatives make all the descisions |
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| rich people/land-owners/aristocrats |
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| the representatives elected by the plebeians to protect their rights |
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| two people who work together as head of government to make decisions |
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| made up of patricians elected by citizens |
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| a leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army, was chosen by consul and approved by senate |
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| 29 year old Carthaginian military strategist who invaded Rome |
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| Roman military leader who devised a plan to put Carthage on the defensive, and then defeated them |
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| conflict between groups within the same country |
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took over as Roman empire and was part of first triumverate
-strong leader and military genius |
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a group of three rulers
Rome's first: Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey
Rome's second: Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus |
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| a ruler who has total power |
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| Octavian's title, meaning "exalted one" |
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-Rome's Golden Age
-during Octavian's rule |
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| born in Bethlehem, he was a Roman Jew, andhe became a minister/preacher and taught the word of God |
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| Jesus' disciples who wrote the Gospel |
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-the first apostle, he continued spreading the teachings of Jesus throughout Syria and Palestine after Jesus' death
-chosen by Jesus to create the Christian Church |
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| one of the apostles, he supposedly had a vision of Christ and spent the rest of his life spreading and interpreting Jesus's teachings |
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| dispersal of the Jews from Israel |
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| a priest who supervised several churches in the same area |
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| the father/head of the Christian Church |
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a Roman emperor who was fighting a battle and saw the sign of Jesus and then put the sign on his soldiers' shields
-he stopped persecution against Christianity |
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| any belief that appeared to contradict the basic teachings |
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