Term
Mohandas Ghandi
Who was he? What were two important concepts he believed in and what did they mean? |
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Definition
| Mohandas Ghandi was an Indian lawyer who led the "Quit India" Campaign against British rule of India. Two important concepts to him were ahisma (non violence towards living things) and civil disobedience (refusal to obey unjust laws) |
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Term
Jiang Jieshi
Who was he? What action did he take that marked the beginning of the Chinese civil war?
(hint: who did he side with?) |
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Definition
| Leader of the Guomindang-Communist partnership. He was a Guomindang supporter and turned on the communist party once the Guomindang controlled most of China. |
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Term
Nationalism in Africa
What was it? Who were they protesting against? What were the Pan-African Congresses?
(Hint: What happened at the Treaty of Versaille?) |
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Definition
| The African colonies beliefs that they deserved independence after World War II. The protests were started when Germany's African colonies were given away to other countries at the Treaty of Versaille rather than being granted their independence. The Pan-African Congresses were a series of meeting of Africans around the world that eventually led up to the African demand for independence. |
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Term
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Who was he? How did his policies affect the American people? |
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Definition
| President of the United States, he greatly increased the government's influence in people's lives.Also established the New Deal. The New Deal established public work programs that gave jobs to the unemployed and provided money for welfare. |
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Term
John Maynard Keynes
Who was he? What program did his theories support?
(Hint: Spend money to make money) |
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Definition
| Keynes was a British economist. Roosevelt's policy of "the New Deal" was supported by Keynes' theory of increased government spending fixing the economy |
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Term
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
Define. What was the result of this act? |
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Definition
| The heavy taxing of imported/foriegn goods to increase spending on American made products. Resulted in other countries heavily taxing American exports in return. |
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Term
Manchurian Incident
What was it? Why did Japan attack? |
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Definition
| The Japanese take over of the Manchuria region of northeastern China because it was rich in natural resources. |
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Term
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Definition
| Manchuria underneath Japanese control. |
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Term
Nanjing Massacre
What happened? What was the result? |
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Definition
Japanese soldiers captured the Chinese city of Nanjing and went on a murderous rampage killing at least 100,000 Chinese men, women, and children.The world reacted in horror
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Term
Benito Mussolini
Who was he? What was his nickname? |
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Definition
| Leader of fascist Italy, nicknamed Il Duce or "the leader" |
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Term
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Definition
| An Authoritarian form of government that places the good of the nation above all else . |
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Term
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Definition
| The governmental attempt to control all aspects of life. |
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Term
Five Year Plans
What were they for? Who created them? |
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Definition
| Joseph Stalin created "Five-Year Plans" to creat production and industrial goals in five year increments. |
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Term
The Invasion of Ethiopia
What happened? Why did they attack? |
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Definition
| Italy attacked Ethiopia in a power play to look stronger and bigger to the rest of the world. |
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Term
Isolationism
Define. Why did America start shifting away from Isolationism? |
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Definition
| The desire to stay out of other country's affairs. America got involved because the war suddenly came to their own backyard when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. |
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Term
Axis Powers
Which countries were members? |
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Definition
| Germany, Italy, and Japan |
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Term
Siege of Leningrad
What happened? Who was involved? What were the results? |
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Definition
| Hitler ordered a military blockade around the Soviet city of Leningrad. Which caused as many as 1 million citizens of Leningrad to starve to death. |
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Term
Battle of Stalingrad
What happened? Who won? Why was this a turning point in the war? |
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Definition
| Hitler's troops bombed Stalingrad into rubble and when the German troops went into the city the soviet soldiers fought back hard. The soviets eventually won. It was a turning point in the war because it proved that the supposedly undefeable Nazi soldiers could be defeated like any other man. |
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Term
The Final Solution
Define. What other "inferior" people were targeted by this plan? |
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Definition
| The deliberate mass execution of Jews, as well as polish people, yugoslavic people, homosexuals, people with disabilities, and the romany, also known as gypsies. |
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Term
D-Day
What happened? Who attacked who? Why? |
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Definition
| The allies landed on the beaches of Normandy and attacked Franceto weaken the German defense. |
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Term
War in Korea
What was it? Why did the United States get involved? |
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Definition
| War between communist North Korea and Non communist regime of South Korea. To contain the spread of communism. |
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Term
The War on Terror
What is it? Why did America attack Iraq in 2003? |
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Definition
| The American intiatives to stop terrorist groups and terrorist attacks. America invaded Iraq to toppe the Iraqi government. |
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Term
European Union
What is it? Why was it formed? |
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Definition
| An economic treaty made to stabalize and unify the European economic system. |
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Term
Indian Nationalism
What was happening in India in the 1930's? Why did Ghandi want to "Quit India? What was the result? |
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Definition
| In the 1930's India was making a stong movement for independence. Ghandi didn't want to "Quit India", he wanted the British to leave or "Quit India". In the end the British did leave. |
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Term
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Definition
| Division of India and the creation of seperate Muslim and Hindu countries. |
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Term
Civil War in Pakistan
What were the conflicts? What was the new name of East Pakistan? Who supported East Pakistan? |
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Definition
| West Pakistan contained the government for both East and West Pakistan, and all laws supported West Pakistan and not East Pakistan. East Pakistan rallied for independence under the name of Bangladesh and were supported by India |
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Term
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Who was he? What did he accomplish for India? |
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Definition
| Leader of the Muslim league, petitioned for the parition of India |
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Term
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Definition
| The belief that if one asian country turned communist the rest would quickly follow suit. |
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Term
Ngo Dinh Diem
Who was he? Where was he from? |
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Definition
| The leader of South Vietnam, born in French Indochina. |
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Term
General Suharto
Who was he? How did he lose power? What country did he serve in? |
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Definition
| Originally a general in Indoneisia he gained power in a coup d'etat, and stepped down one year after the Indonesian economy collapsed. |
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Term
Ho Chi Minh
Who was he? Who did he lead? |
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Definition
| A communist leader of the Vietnimh |
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Term
Mao Zedong
Who was he? How did he rule? What country was he leader for? |
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Definition
| Communist leader of China. |
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Term
Cultural Revolution
Define. |
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Definition
| Ridding China of its old ways and create a society in which peasants and physical were the ideal. |
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Term
Great Leap Forward
Define. |
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Definition
| Failed reform to increase industrial and agricultural output. |
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Term
Tiananmen Square Massacre
What was it? What did it demonstrate? |
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Definition
| The massacre of unarmed civilian Chinese student protesters, demonstrating freedom had not yet arrived in China. |
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Term
Pacific Rim Economies
What happened to North and South Korea's economies in the 1990's? When did Japan's economy begin to improve? Why? What does the term "Asian Century" mean? |
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Definition
| North Korea's economy crashed, South Korea's economy boomed. Japan's economy began to improve in the 1960's because they began to produce automobile parts and electronics. Asian Century was the prediction that in the 2000's Asia would surpass Europe and North America as dominant economic region. |
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Term
Douglas MacArthur
Who was he? What were the 3 steps he took to rebuild Japan? |
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Definition
| The American general put in charge of rebuilding Japan. dematerializing Japan, building a democratic government, and establishing a good economy. |
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Term
Import-Substitution Led Industrialization
Define. |
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Definition
| Local industries developed to reduce the need for imported/foreign goods |
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Term
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Definition
| Having work done elsewhere to decrease cost |
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Term
Economic Independence
Define. |
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Definition
| Countries depending on eachother to support their economies. |
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Term
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Definition
| the exchange of goods without barriers (i.e. tariffs) |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of the link of trade and culture around the world. |
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Term
Migration
Define. Why would people in a different country want to migrate to the United States? |
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Definition
| Leaving your home or country to move somewhere else, because of the rights and laws enforced by the United States. |
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Definition
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