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| scientists who study physical and cultural characteristics of humans and their ancestors |
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| scientists who study earlier people and cultures through artifacts |
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| an historic object made or used by humans |
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| scientist who studies fossil remains of animals and plants |
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| time written before history |
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| study of past narratives of people places and events |
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-greek historian
-Father of History |
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| what was 2 things Heroclotus was known for? |
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| what are human beings and earlier human like creatures? |
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| DNA and Radiocarbon dating |
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| what are 2 ways to date earlier artifacts? |
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| what tells the age of a once living material by measuring the amount of radioactive carbon remaining in it? |
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Australopithecus-5.8 mil to 2 mil
homohabilis- 2.4 mil to 1.5 mil
homosapien Neaderthal- 200000 to 35000
Homosapien sapien-400000 to present |
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Definition
| what are the known to be hominids and their time periods? |
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| what are the 2 most recent and significant finds? and when they were found? |
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| in 1974 a skeleton(Lucy) was found in ________. |
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| how old was Lucy when she died? |
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| about ______ years ago, when Lucy was alive. She was __ft and __ lbs . |
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| she fell into river and drowned |
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| how did scientists say Lucy died? |
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| Toumai was dicovered in ____ |
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| Toumai is _ to _ years old |
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| where was Toumai discovered |
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| what is the oldest known hominid? |
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| Toumai believed to be common ancestor of _______ and ________ |
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| who were the earliest pre-hominids? |
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| central and eastern africa |
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| where were Australopithecuses located? |
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| Australopithecus means what? |
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| small brains, large faces |
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| what did Aust. look like? |
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| Aust. were _____, which ment they traveled in search of food. |
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1.homohabilis,"person with ability",2.4 to 1.5 mil
Homoerectus-"upright man"-1.5 to .5 mil
Homosapien-"thinking man"- .5 to present |
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| Homo genus-truly human- 3 species ?? |
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| paleothic period consisted of ___ and ______ |
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| what are 2 species in the pleolithic period? |
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| where did homohabilis live? |
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1. nomadic
2. Began the stone age |
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| 2 facts that supported that homohabilis were smarter than Austrolopthecus? |
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Definition
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| it manucatured first stone tools |
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| The stone age was got its name because___________. ? |
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| the beginning of technology |
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Definition
| the skills and useful knoledge available to them for colecting material and making objects neccessary for survival was what? |
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| begining of technologyWHEN WAS THE EARLIEST ASPECTS OF CULTURE? |
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| who lived in variety of enviroments from woodlands and grasslands in Africa to forests and plains ins Europe and Aisa |
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1. FIRE
2. lived in caves
3.made clothing
4.language
5.hunters and gatherers |
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| 5 things about HomoErectus |
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1 spread ideas
2. work with one another
3. beginning of culture |
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| why was Language one of the greatest achievments of humanity? |
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| ___ killed small prey, _____ were first to gather |
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| 2 million to 10000 years ago |
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| Ice ages were between ____ to _____ years ago |
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| many parts of the world fell below ________ |
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| only ________ supported humans |
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| as glaciers formed, ocean dropped __ft |
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| Great Britain, Indonesian Islnads, Japan, Korea, Australia |
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| What 5 places were caused by land and ice bridges? |
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| MIGRATION BEGAN ______ YEARS AGO |
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| Humans crossed _______ to ______ between 15000 to 35000 years ago |
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| Neanderthals, Homo Sapiens Sapiens |
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| what are the 2 types of homo sapiens? |
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| where did Homo Sapien Sapiens originate? |
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| what type of homo sapiens are we? |
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| Neanderthals were _______ years ago |
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| Neanderthals originated in _____ and spread to ______ and ____ |
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| Neanderthals avg. heith was ____ , they were stocky with thick bones |
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| Neanderthals were ______ hunters and gatheres |
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| Neanderthals liveed in groups of 30-50 |
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| Neanderthals adapted to ______ and cooked _______ |
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| spears, knives, bone tools |
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| Neanderthals made sophisticated stone tools (_____, ______, and ______) |
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| Neanderthals cared for ______ and _______ |
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| Who were the first to practice medicine? |
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| Neanderthals had funerals, and believed in _____________ |
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| Where were earliest homo-sapiens? |
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| Homo sapiens2 were _____ then neanderthals and less _____ |
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| homo sapiens2 were very efficient ______ |
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| sharper cutting blades, hammers, hoes, bone neeedles for fitting clothes |
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| what were some examples of Advanced technology that homo sapiens2 used? |
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| chop down trees, making conoes |
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| Homo sapiens2 used the stone ax, which was usefull for ______, and _______ |
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| travel down rivers and along coast (australia) |
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| why is making conoes important? |
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| bow and arrow, hunt larger animals |
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Definition
| Homo sapiens2 long distant weapons like __________. which let them ________ |
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increase in population
political and social consequences |
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| what did hunting larger animals lead to? |
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| Who had formal rules, leaders, built community homes, and cave paintings? |
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| Lascaux (France) and Vallon-Pont-D,Arc (FRance) |
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| What are 2 famous paintings and where are they? |
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| what was after last ice age? |
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| Who had the greatest cultural advances? |
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| Primarily because people gradually stopped hunting and gathering and began to produce and store food . This forced change in ______ |
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1. Domesticated Animals
2.made pottery and Housing
3.beginning pf agriculture |
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| What are the 3 advances in the Neolithic Revolution |
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| invented plows, fertilizer, wheel, loom, and calenders for seasons |
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Definition
| What are 5 characteristics in the beginniing of agriculture |
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Term
1. first vilages: Jericho and Catal Huyulk
2. Believed in Dietier-Gods
3.Civilizations |
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| What are 3 examples in life style changes durring the Neolithic Revolution |
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| farming, trade, gov. ,art, science |
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| Civilizations are highly organized societies with an adveanced knoledge of ____, ______, _______,________,and ______. |
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| What does civilizations mean in Latin? |
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| Civilizations mark ___________ |
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1..mesoptamia-Tigris and Euphrates-3500 BC-Iraq
2. Nile River Valley-Egypt
3.Indus River Valley-2600 BC-Pakistan and India
4. Huang He(yellow River)-1000 BC-China |
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| What are the 4 1st civilizations |
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| by major rivers, economy based on agriculture, advanced technology, government, coordinated large efforts, shared values and beliefs |
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| What are the 6 basic early civilizations characteristics |
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| by major rivers, economy based on agriculture, advanced technology, government, coordinated large efforts, shared values and beliefs |
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| What are the 6 basic early civilizations characteristics |
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| Gov officials, Soldiers, Priests |
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| What are some examples of the gov. ? |
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| example of cooperative large efforts |
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| what are traditional stories explaining how world was formed? |
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| who were myths recorded by? |
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| sumerions in Mesopotamia wrote myths on ______________. |
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