Term
| Three Approached in World History |
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Definition
Civilizations
Contact
Broad Forces |
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Term
| Where and how did the discipline of world history develop? |
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Definition
| Less prestigious Universities in the United States as a teaching field rather than a research field |
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Term
| Why is there Such and Interest for World History? |
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Definition
Diverse Student Body
US is more involved with non-European world since 1950's
Helps us understand events in history better |
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Term
| The 3 Arguments against World History |
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Definition
West Bashing
Too Broad
Product of American Imperialism |
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Term
| 3 Factors the cause Westerners to Misunderstand Islam |
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Definition
Stereotypes from the Islamic Minority Terrorists
Perceptions that remain from the crucades
Islam is a lot bigger than the Sunni Shiite Split |
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Term
| Why was Spread of Islam So succesful in Post Classical? Was spiritual conversion a factor? |
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Definition
Outlines Clear Code of Conduct
Successful Commercially, Militarily, Politically
Very tolerant of other religions
Poor people and merchants can both gain from joining
We really have no place to say whether or not they are spiritually converted. |
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Term
| Basic Idea of Women and Gender in Islam |
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Definition
| Bias and disadvantages towards women are based off a misinterpretation of the Koran and a patriarchal society of the time. |
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Term
| Complexities of Islam after Muhammad's death? |
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Definition
| Split and fracture of the Islam faith. Mainly the sunni shiite split. Shiite believe in a linear succesion after Muhammed, Sunni believe in election. |
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Term
| Freedoms Islam brought women around the world |
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Definition
Highly reduced infanticide
Women had more specific rights |
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Term
| Brief Description of Ibn Battuta's Travels |
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Definition
Born to middle class merchant family in morroco
Belief in Islam motivated his travels
His travels initiated new geographic contacts
His travel stemmed from pilgrimage to mecca
One of the greatest travelers of the 14th century |
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Term
| Brief Description of Marco Polo's Travels |
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Definition
A venetian explorer who traveled to the mongol empire at the time of Kublia Khan and spoke with kublai khan.
We can't know whether or not many of his travels are real because many are contrived. |
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Term
| Compare Battuta and Polo's Travels |
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Definition
Islam helped Battuta tolerate people, while non-Europeans had trouble identifying with a non christian world.
Traveling was much easier by the 14th century and much more accurate records were kept after that as well. |
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Term
| Cultural Changes made in the west from contact with east? |
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Definition
New medicine
New words of arabic root
new mathematics |
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Term
| brief description of Ly Van Phuc's experience in China |
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Definition
| The chinese emporer insulted Ly Van Phuc (from vietnam) and his men by naming their "hotel" as a hotel for barbarians. Ly Van Phuc and his men wrote a letter demonstrating their knowledge of all sophisticated things Chinese. Good Example of Imitation. |
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Term
| Discuss how Japan imitated china in the Post Classical Period |
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Definition
Imitated Architecture
Peaceful "Sophisticated" society
Japan wanted all thing of a sophisticated nature.
Did not imitate foot binding. |
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Term
| Discuss how Russia Imitated the Byzantine Empire |
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Definition
Architecture
Religion
Iconography
Politics |
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Term
| Describe Aztec Tenochtitlan |
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Definition
Floating Island Farms
Population of 150,000+
Very intigrated in trade
Major City(Largest in the World?) |
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Term
| Important Technologies the America's did not have before Europeans? |
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Definition
Animal Domestication(Horses, Pigs, Cows)
Steel Work
Resistance to Diseases |
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Term
| Three Sudanic West African Themes in the Post Classical Period |
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Definition
Polytheistic and Relationship to nature
Divinity of Major Rulers
Extended Family Relationships
Connections with Deceased Family |
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Term
| Can we draw clear lines between Western Civ and Ancient Greece and Rome? |
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Definition
| Not really, we are trying to imitate their political system and ideology, but our government isn't anything like greece's democracy, and we didn't take their tradition of homosexuality. |
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Term
| The 5 Themes that develop in post classical period that define the west as a civilization |
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Definition
- Tradition of separation of church and state
- A clear paliamentary system from feudalism
- More Free Trade
- Technologically Prone Society(because of belief in dominion over the elements of the earth)
- Family Structure
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Term
| Two Reasons how feudalism created a clear parliamentary system |
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Definition
- Rulers had an obligation to consult with vassals for budget
- Different Class systems
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Term
| Reasons why West had a trade disadvantage |
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Definition
They had nothing to trade
Balance of Payment issues |
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Term
| Five opportunities the west had in late post classical |
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Definition
Byzantine and Arab Empires Recede
West Starts using compass and gunpowder
Printing press
New Metal Technology
Feudal Monarchies in Europe |
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Term
| Three reasons Ming Expeditions ended in 1433? New Ming investments? |
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Definition
- Not Economical
- New Ming Emporer wanted Policy Changes
- A switch in the emperor.
- Rebuilt Beijing
- Reconstruction of the Great Wall of China
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Term
| What empire replaced the arabs, where did they come from and what major city did they conquer in 1453? |
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Definition
| The ottomans, from Modern Day Turkey area. They conquered constantinople and turned it into istanbul |
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Term
| Who did not change in 1450? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the five reasons portugal and other europeans began maritime travel and exploration down the coast of west africa in the early C15th? |
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Definition
Gold
Slavery
looking for resources to trade
looking to take out the middle man of the trade in that time |
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Term
| List the 4 "Old World Themes" and how they Changed |
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Definition
1. Expansion in Geo-Range(Harder now, More defined Boundaries)
2. Number of Civilizations(Increasing)
3. Impact of world religions(All religions were well established geographically)
4.Establishment of world network(inclusion of the Americas) |
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Term
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Definition
More intensified interregional trade. Connections with the inclusion of the americas and the pacific ocean.
New Power Relationships with the West
New biological Exchanges
Explosion of Gunpowder Empires |
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Term
| 5 Themes the Describe the Columbian Exchange |
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Definition
Biological Exchange
Exchange of Disease
Foods(Corn/Potatoes)
8-12 Million Slaves
Impact ended by C18th |
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Term
| Why did no other societies rival european expansion during the early modern period? |
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Definition
China had no reason to, they were happy being exclusive.
Japan didn't want to , it threatened their system of feudalism
Others could have
Europe had this idea of manipulating nature. technology boom |
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Term
| List the early modern land based gunpowder empires |
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Definition
China
Ottoman
Mughal
Safavid
Russian(Partly) |
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Term
| Which country had the highest standard of living until the end of C18 |
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Definition
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Term
| List the reasons why the Chinese listened to Matteo Ricci |
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Definition
Knew more about china than any other european in 1600
Participated in their customs
Presented Christianity as more of a lifestyle(Like confucianism) |
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Term
| 3 Advantages of Wallerstein's World Economy Theory |
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Definition
Clarifies inqualitites in international relationships
Clearly demonstrates relationships
demonstrates why world economic patterns last so long |
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Term
| 5 disadvantages of Wallerstein's World Economy theory |
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Definition
Deals very little with cultures
Generally does not factor in technology
Oversimplifies
Not useful in explaining WHY things change
Asian Complexities are not factored in |
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Term
| Give an example of a core society and why it is considered core. |
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Definition
| Spain-exported finished good, organized extensive trade companies that affected world commerce. Built and ran ships around the world. Developed wage labor systems |
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Term
| Example of Peripheral Society and why |
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Definition
Poland-produced unfinished goods.
bought refined goods at a higher price
lost money in international exchange
weak government, no taxes
cruel worker methods |
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Term
Africa, Japan, China, Britain, US(north)
Peripheral or Core? |
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Definition
| Niether, all have qualities of both |
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Term
| List the seven major transformations that occurred in europe during the early modern period |
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Definition
- The renaissance
- The Reformation
- The Scientific Revolution
- The price of silver and gold
- Rise of Absolution
- Parliamentary Monarchies, Britain and Netherlands
- The Enlightenment
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Term
| What are the 4 Big changes caused by the west in the early modern period? |
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Definition
Europe's Place is World Trade/Politics
Commercialization of the western european economy
governmental efficiency and rationalization
Shifts in cultural outlook |
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Term
| Describe the new commercial economy in the west |
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Definition
| A system where one's profession depends on others professions as well. Objects we buy are from the store. |
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Term
| 4 Changes that Europe Caused Politically |
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Definition
Feudalism Faded
Bureaucrats were sent to govern smaller areas
central government became cultural
how a military should be organized |
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Term
| 5 Cultural Changes of Early Modern Period |
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Definition
Printing
Protestant Reformation
Scientific Revolution
Printing and Science Combined with commercialization
The Individual |
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Term
| Why is Russia difficult to categorize? |
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Definition
So much land area
They were just developing when the mongols took over |
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Term
| The 4 reasons Russia Expanded Territorially in the early modern period. |
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Definition
To Imitate the West
Used Gunpowder(Gunpowder Empire)
Drive the Mongols Out
The state wanted more land, thought they deserved it. Like Manifest Destiny of the United States |
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Term
| Describe Russian Expansion southward, westward, and eastward |
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Definition
South-Tsar accomodates Muslim minorities. Take control of nomadic peoples. Europeans help fight the ottomans.
West-Took over Ukraine. Military, diplomatic interactions with sweden, prussia, austria, hungary.Tsar accomodated Jewish minorities.
East-Qing signed treaty with Russia, China was busy dealing with Korea, couldn't deal with Russians. Even explored Alaska, Hawaii. |
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Term
| How did the Tsars hold such a large area together? |
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Definition
| Being accomodating to many different minorities. Had different bureaucrats that answered to the Tsar. Gave control to local leaders, under the control of the Tsar |
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Term
| Describe the new changes in Russian Education under Peter the Great |
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Definition
| Very western oriented in the upper class. New colleges(St. Petersberg University). Every Noble had to be trained in mathematics. |
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Term
| Describe the new changes in Russian Military and Economy under Peter the Great |
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Definition
| Specialized in Bureaucratic Activities. State council to oversee bureaucratic activities. Strengthened Russian Navy, Made clearer lines of Command in the Army. Organized Metallurgical Industry. |
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Term
| What did Peter not want from the West? |
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Definition
| Constitutional Monarchy, Parliamentary Tradition, Division of Power, Didn't want changes that affected ordinary russians. No commercial economy. |
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