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Words To Know:English:2012:ApLiterature:LiteraryTerms2012
All the Words Worley Wants us To know
166
English
12th Grade
09/20/2012

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Term
Abstract Language
Definition
refers to things that are intangible
Term
allegory
Definition
Story poem or other work that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden message
Term
Alliteration
Definition
occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of successive words
Term
allusion
Definition
expression designed to call something to mind with out mentioning it
Term
ambiguity
Definition
uncertainty or inexactness of meaning
Term
Antecedent
Definition
Thing or event that existed before another
Term
Apostrophe
Definition
exclamatory passage in a speech or poem addressed to an absent person
Term
Anachronism
Definition
Thing that belongs to a time period other than when it exists ie: a clock in Julius Ceaser
Term
Anaphora
Definition
Use of a word referring to another word. Also the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.
Term
Antagonist
Definition
The person who actively opposes something, specifically the protagonist, or hero
Term
Anticlimax
Definition
Disappointing end to an exciting series of events
Term
Antithesis
Definition
A person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone, (foil)
Term
Archetype
Definition
very typical person or thing
Term
Literary Argument
Definition
summary of the subject or plot of a literary work or play.
Term
aside
Definition
Remark or passage by a character in a play that is only for the audience but not for other characters.
Term
Assonance
Definition
in poetry the repetition of the sound of a vowel in non rhyming stressed syllables, penitence, reticence
Term
asyndeton
Definition
the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence
Term
Attitude
Definition
settled way of thinking or feeling about something, reflected in behavior. Feelings toward a subject
Term
Balanced sentence
Definition
Sentence that employs parallel structure of approximately the same length and importance
Term
Ballad Meter
Definition
alternating between iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter
Term
Blank Verse
Definition
unrhymed verse, having regular meter, but no rhyme.
Term
Cacophony
Definition
harsh, discordant mixture of sounds
Term
Caesura
Definition
Break between words within a metrical foot, pause in the middle of a line
Term
caricature
Definition
ludicrous of grotesque version of someone or something
Term
catharsis
Definition
the process of releasing strong emotions
Term
characterization
Definition
the act of describing distinctive features of a person
Term
chiasmus
Definition
rhetorical or literary figure in which words are repeted in reverse order, IE: poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds.
Term
clause
Definition
unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence, consists of a subject and predicate
Term
climax
Definition
the most intense point of the story. AN ORGASM!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Term
Comedy
Definition
play characterized by its satirical nature.
Term
Comedy of Manners
Definition
comedy that satirizes behavior in a particular social group. esp. the upper class
Term
Comic Relief
Definition
comic episodes in a dramatic work that offset serious sections
Term
complaint
Definition
statement that a situation is unsatisfactory
Term
conceit
Definition
excessive pride in oneself. and elaborate metaphor
Term
concrete language
Definition
specific literal word usage rather than metaphorical or figurative language
Term
conflict
Definition
a serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one.................
Term
connotation
Definition
idea or feeling that a word invokes person in addition to its literal or primary meaning
Term
convention
Definition
a way in which something is usually done, esp. within a particular area or activity.
Term
couplet
Definition
two lines of verse, usually in the same meter and joined by rhyme
Term
dactyl
Definition
a metrical foot consisting of one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed
Term
denotation
Definition
the literal meaning of a word.
Term
denouement
Definition
final part of a play in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and things are resolved
Term
Details
Definition
An individual feature, fact or item, minor feature
Term
Devices of Sound
Definition
figures of speech: alliteration, assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, and rhyme
Term
Diction
Definition
the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing
Term
didactic
Definition
intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive
Term
digression
Definition
a temporary departure from the main subject
Term
Dramatic Irony
Definition
Irony hat occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play
Term
dramatic monologue
Definition
a poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person. they reveal aspects of their character in their description of events
Term
elegy
Definition
a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead.
Term
ellipsis
Definition
the omission from speech or writing of a word that is superfluous. a set of dots indicating such an omission
Term
End-Stopped
Definition
having a rhetorical pause at the end of each line
Term
Enjambment
Definition
the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of line, couplet or stanza
Term
ennui
Definition
a feeling of listlessness and dissatisfaction arising from a lack of occupation or excitement
Term
Envoy
Definition
A messenger or rep. on a diplomatic mission
Term
epigram
Definition
A pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever or amusing way.
Term
epigraph
Definition
inscription on a building, statue, or coin.
Term
ellipsis
Definition
removal of a word that is unnecessary
Term
end-stopped
Definition
having a rhetorical pause at the end of each line
Term
enjambment
Definition
the continuation of a sentence without pause at the end of a line
Term
ennui
Definition
feeling of listlessness from lack of occupation
Term
envoy
Definition
messenger on a diplomatic mission
Term
epigram
Definition
pithy saying or remark in a a clever form, an idea presented in a amusing way
Term
epigraph
Definition
inscription on a building, quotation at the beginning of a chapter, intended to suggest the theme
Term
epiphany
Definition
moment of sudden revelation or insight
Term
epithet
Definition
descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned
Term
euphemism
Definition
mild or indirect word substituted for one considered too harsh when referring to something unpleasant
Term
euphony
Definition
pleasing to the ear, through a harmonious combination of words.
Term
explication
Definition
the act of removing obscurity from the meaning of a word, symbol, or expression
Term
exposition
Definition
comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory
Term
farce
Definition
comic dramatic work using buffoonery and crude characterization
Term
figurative language
Definition
a way of saying something and meaning something else, using metaphor, similes, and the like.
Term
flashback
Definition
a scene in which one sees a time that is before the setting of the play.
Term
flat character
Definition
a character who's representation is constant, their appearance/attitude doesn't change.
Term
free verse
Definition
poetry that doesn't rhyme nor have regular meter
Term
foil
Definition
a person or thing that contrasts with and so emphasizes and enhances the quality's of another
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
a warning or indication of a future event
Term
form
Definition
arrangement and style in a literary work
Term
frame story
Definition
the first story in a collection of short stories that sets up the setting for the short stories.
Term
grotesque
Definition
comically or repulsively ugly and distorted
Term
heroic couplet
Definition
a pair of rhyming iambic pentameters
Term
hexameter
Definition
a line of verse consisting of six metrical feet
Term
hyperbole
Definition
exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken seriously
Term
iamb
Definition
a metrical foot consisting of one short(unstressed) and one long(stressed) syllable
Term
imagery
Definition
visually descriptive language
Term
imperative
Definition
of vital importance
Term
incongruity
Definition
out of keeping, things that go together but shouldn't
Term
internal rhyme
Definition
a rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and one at the end of the line or the middle of the next
Term
irony
Definition
the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous effect
Term
jargon
Definition
special words that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand
Term
literal
Definition
taking words in their usual or most basic sense without metaphor or allegory
Term
litotes
Definition
ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary.(you won't be sorry)
Term
loose sentence
Definition
complex sentence in which the main clause comes first ant the subordinate clause follows
Term
lyrical
Definition
expressing the writer's emotions in a imaginative and beautiful way
Term
metaphor
Definition
where a word or phase is applied to an object or action where it isn't normally applicable
Term
meter
Definition
the rhythm of a piece of poetry
Term
metonymy
Definition
substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant.
Term
metrical substitution
Definition
way of varying poetic meter by taking one foot of the normal meter and replacing it with a foot of a different meter
Term
modify
Definition
restrict or add to the sense of (a noun)
Term
motif
Definition
distinctive feature or dominate idea in a literary composition
Term
motivation
Definition
reason one has for acting in a certain way
Term
narrator
Definition
person who narrates something, the person who delivers the commentary, weather it be from a third person or first person stand point.
Term
narrative techniques
Definition
the way in which the author tells the story
Term
occasion
Definition
particular time or instance of an event, reason;cause
Term
octave
Definition
poem or stanza of eight lines
Term
ode
Definition
poem meant to be sung
Term
omniscient point of view
Definition
POV in which the author reveals all the characters' thoughts.
Term
onomatopoeia
Definition
a word that describes a sound
Term
oxymoron
Definition
figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms are used together(jumbo shrimp)
Term
parable
Definition
simple story used to illustrate a complex moral or spiritual lesson
Term
paradox
Definition
a statement that contradicts itself
Term
parallel structure
Definition
the use of consistent word patterns to present multiple items
Term
parody
Definition
imitation of the style of someone else with exaggeration for comic effect
Term
pentameter
Definition
line of verse consisting of five metrical feet of two halves each of two feet and a long syllable
Term
periodic sentence
Definition
a complex sentence in which the main clause comes last and is preceded by the subordinate clause
Term
personification
Definition
the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman
Term
point of view
Definition
the perspective that the author is writing from
Term
polysyndeton
Definition
using several conjunctions in close succession
Term
prosody
Definition
the patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry
Term
protagonist
Definition
leading character or one of the major characters in a work, normally the hero.
Term
pun
Definition
a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word
Term
reliability
Definition
the quality of being dependable
Term
refrain
Definition
stop oneself from doing something
a repeated line or number of lines in a poem or song
Term
repetition
Definition
the action of repeating something that has already been said.
Term
resources of language
Definition
THERE ARE NO DEFINITIONS!!!!!!!!!!
The tools one has at their disposal when writing or reading literary work.
Term
rhetorical question
Definition
a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered
Term
rhetorical techniques
Definition
devices that an author uses to convey a message with the goal of persuading them towards a different perspective
Term
rhyme
Definition
correspondence of sound between words or the ending of words(poetry)
Term
rhyme scheme
Definition
the ordered pattern of rhymes at the end of the lines of a poem or verse
Term
rhyme royal
Definition
a stanza form having seven lines of iambic pentameter.
Term
rising action
Definition
the development of plot in a story which leads up to the climax
Term
romance
Definition
genre of fiction relating to love.
Term
round characters
Definition
a dynamic character, capable of surprising the reader by changing themselves to the circumstances
Term
sarcasm
Definition
the use of irony to mock or convey contempt
Term
satire
Definition
the use of humor, irony, exaggeration to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, norm. with politics.
Term
sestina
Definition
a poem of six stanzas of six lines and a final triplet, all stanza having the same six end words at the line ends in six different sequences that follow a fixed pattern, with all six words appearing in the three line ending.
Term
setting
Definition
the place or surroundings something is positioned or taking place
Term
sibilance
Definition
speech sounds produced by forcing air through a constricted passage( f, s, z, th)
Term
simile
Definition
figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another of a different kind
Term
situational irony
Definition
when the opposite of what is expected occurs
Term
soliloquy
Definition
an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself, or regardless of the presence of others
Term
sonnet
Definition
a poem of fourteen lines using any number of formal rhyme schemes
Term
spondee
Definition
a foot consisting of two stressed syllables
Term
stanza
Definition
a group of lines forming the basic reoccurring unit of a poem
Term
stereotype
Definition
a widely held but fixed and oversimplified persona of a person or thing
Term
stream of consciousness
Definition
a person's thoughts and conscious reactions to events, perceived as a continuous flow
Term
structure
Definition
arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex
Term
style
Definition
a manner of doing something
a way of using language
Term
syllogism
Definition
deductive reasoning as distinct from induction
Term
symbol
Definition
a thing that represents something else, exp. a material object representing something else
Term
synecdoche
Definition
figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa
Term
synesthesia
Definition
poetic description of a sense impression in terms of of another sense. "icy voice"
Term
syntax
Definition
arrangement of words and phrases to create well formed sentences in a language
Term
terza rima
Definition
arrangement of triplets such that they go: aba bcb cdc ded efe and so on
Term
tetrameter
Definition
a verse of four measures
Term
theme
Definition
overarching subject of a talk, piece of writing
Term
thesis
Definition
a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved
Term
tone
Definition
manner of expression in writing
Term
tragedy
Definition
play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending
Term
trochee
Definition
foot consisting of one stressed followed by one unstressed syllable
Term
turn
Definition
a development in circumstances or course of events
move so that it is in a different position in relation to its surroundings
Term
understatement
Definition
presentation of something as being smaller or less important than it actually is
Term
versification
Definition
metrical adaptation of something
Term
villanelle
Definition
A nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain
Term
verbal irony
Definition
figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant
Term
verisimilitude
Definition
the appearance of being true or real
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