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Word roots
GRE Study Guide for Word Roots / thru "d"
82
English
Graduate
08/14/2007

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
a/n


abyss
Definition
not, without

abyss - without bottom; achromatic - without color; anhydrous - without water
Term
a


ashore
Definition
on

afire - on fire; ashore - on the shore; aside - on the side
Term
ab/s, a


absent
Definition
from, away, off

abduct - carry away by force; abnormal - away from normal, not normal; absent - away, not present; aversion - the act of turning away from; abbreviate: to shorten.
Term
ac, ad


admittance
Definition
to, toward, near


accelerate - to increase the speed of; accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained; admittance - allowing into;
Term
acro
Definition
top, height, tip, beginning

acrobat - a "high walker"; acronym - a word formed from the first (capital) letters of a word; acrophobia - fear of height
Term
act
Definition
do

activity - something that a person does; react - to do something in response; interaction - communication between two or more things
Term
aer/o
Definition
air


aerate - to let air reach something; aerial - relating to the air; aerospace - the air space
Term
agr/i/o
Definition
farming

agriculture - management of the land, agribusiness - making money by utilizing land; agrarian - relating to the management of land
Term
alg/o
Definition
pain


neuralgia - pain caused by a nerve; analgesic - a drug that makes one pain free; nostalgia - aching for the familiar
Term
ambi, amphi
Definition
both, on both sides, around

ambidextrous - able to use both hands equally; ambiguous - having more than one meaning; ambivalence - conflicting or opposite feelings toward a person or thing
Term
ambul
Definition
walk, move

amble - to walk in a slow, relaxed way; ambulant - walking or moving around; ambulance - a vehicle that moves a patient
Term
ami/o
Definition
love

amiable - friendly, pleasant, lovable; amity - friendly and peaceful relations; amorous - showing romantic love
Term
ana
Definition
up, back, against,
again, throughout

analysis - a close examination of something; anatomy - the structure of something as visible when cut up for analysis; anachronism - not being in the right place in time
Term
andr/o
Definition
man, male

androgynous - being both male and female; android - resembling a human; misandry - hatred towards men
Term
anim
Definition
life, spirit

animal - a living organism; animate - to make alive; equanimity - of balanced spirit
Term
ann, enn
Definition
year

anniversary - a date observed once a year; annual - happening once a year; millennium - 1,000 years
Term
ante
Definition
before, in front

antecede - to come before something in time; antemeridian - before noon; anteroom- a small room before the main room
Term
anth/o
Definition
flower

chrysanthemum and amaranth - names of flowers; anthology - a collection of treasured writings; anthozoan - half plant, half animal, like anemones and corals.
Term
anthrop/o
Definition
human

anthropology - the study of mankind; anthropomorphism - giving human form to non-human things; philanthropy - the love to mankind (expressed through good deeds)
Term
anti
Definition
against, opposite of

antibody - a substance that destroys micro-organisms; antiseptic - preventing infection; antisocial - opposing social norm
Term
apo, apho
Definition
away, off, separate

aphorism - a short expression of a general truth; apology - an explicit expression of regret, apostrophe - a small dash used in place of an omitted letter
Term
aqu/a
Definition
water

aquarium - a water container for fish; aquatic- relating to water; aqueduct - a pipeline for water
Term
arbor
Definition
tree

arborist - someone working with trees; arbor - a shady area formed by trees; arborous - having many trees
Term
arch/i
/e/o/ae
Definition
chief, most important, rule

archbishop - the highest ranking bishop; archenemy - chief or worst enemy; matriarch - a female who rules a group; monarch - a king or queen
Term
archa/e,
archi
Definition
primitive, ancient

archaeology - the study of ancient cultures; archaic - belonging to an earlier period; archive - a collection of historical materials
Term
arthr/o
Definition
joint

arthroscope - a tool to see inside a joint; arthritis - inflammation of a joint; arthropod - invertebrates with jointed legs, like spiders, crustaceans, insects
Term
art
Definition
skill

artifact - object made by a person's skill; artisan - a person skilled in a craft; artist - a person who creates skillfully
Term
astro,
aster
Definition
star, stars, outer space

astronaut - a person traveling to the stars; astronomer - someone who studies the stars; asterisk - a star-shaped sign used as a reference tool
Term
aud/i/io
Definition
hear

audible - loud enough to be heard; audience - people who listen to a program; audiovisual - relating to sound and vision
Term
auto
Definition
self, same, one

autocrat - a person who governs with absolute power; autograph - a person's own signature; automatic - moving by itself
Term
avi/a
Definition
bird

aviary - a large enclosure for birds; aviatrix - a female airplane pilot; aviation - the art of designing or operating aircraft
Term
bar/o
Definition
pressure, weight

baric - pertaining to pressure, esp. of the atmosphere; milliard - metric unit, equal to 1/1000th of a bar; baryon - heavy elementary particle
Term
bell/i
Definition
war

bellicose - warlike; belligerent - hostile, ready to fight; rebel - person who opposes and fights
Term
bene
Definition
good, well

benefactor - person who gives money to a cause; beneficial - producing a good effect; benevolent - showing kindness or goodwill
Term
bi/n
Definition
two, twice, once in every two

biannual - happening twice a year; binoculars - optical device with two lenses; bilateral - of or involving two sides
Term
bibli/o
Definition
book

bibliography - a list of books used as sources; bibliomania - an extreme love of books; bibliophile - a person who loves books
Term
bio
Definition
life, living matter

biography- a life story written by another person; biology - the science of life; biosphere - Earth's surface inhabited by living things
Term
blast/o
Definition
cell, primitive, immature cell

blastula - an early stage of embryonic development; fibroblast - a cell that forms connective tissue; blastoderm - the layer surrounding the inside of an egg
Term
capt, cept
Definition
take, hold

intercept - to stop or interrupt; recapture - taking something back; captivating - taking hold of
Term
cardi/o
Definition
heart

cardiac - relating to the heart; cardiogenic - resulting from heart disease; cardiologist - a heart doctor
Term
carn/i
Definition
flesh, meat

carnivorous - flesh-eating; carnal - pertaining to the body or flesh; incarnate - given bodily form
Term
cata
Definition
down, against
completely, intensive,
according to

cataclysm - a flood or other disaster, catalog - a complete listing; catastrophe - turning for the worst, a substantial disaster
Term
caust,
caut
Definition
to burn

cauterize - to burn with a hot instrument; caustic - capable of burning or eating away; holocaust - total devastation, especially by fire
Term
cede,
ceed,
cess
Definition
go, yield

exceed - to go beyond the limits; recede - to go back; accessible - easily entered, approached,
or obtained;
Term
ceive,
cept
Definition
take

accept - to take a thing that is offered; perceive - to take notice of something; receive - to take something given
Term
celer
Definition
fast

accelerate - to increase the speed of; decelerate - to reduce the speed of
Term
cent/i
Definition
hundred, hundredth

centennial- the 100th anniversary; centimeter - 1/100 of a meter; century - 100 years
Term
centr/o/i
Definition
center

egocentric - self-centered; eccentric - not having a common center, not according to norm; centrifugal - moving outward from a center
Term
cephal/o
Definition
head

encephalitis - inflammation of the brain; cephalic - pertaining to the head; cephalopod - marine mollusks like octopus and squid who have tentacles growing from their head
Term
cerebr/o
Definition
brain

cerebral - pertaining to the brain; cerebrate - to use the brain; cerebrospinal - pertaining to the brain and the spinal cord
Term
cert
Definition
sure

ascertain- to find out something with certainty; certain - being absolutely sure; certify - to state that something is true
Term
chrom/o chromat/o, chros
Definition
color, pigment

achromatic - without color; chromium - a blue-white metallic chemical element, chromatics - the study of color
Term
chron/o
Definition
time

chronic - lasting for a long time; chronological - arranging events in time order, synchronize - happening at the same time
Term
chrys/o
Definition
gold, yellow

chrysanthenum and helichrysum - golden/yellow flowers; chrysolite - a yellowish gem
Term
cide, cise
Definition
cut, kill

homicide - murder; incisor - a sharp tooth for cutting food; insecticide - a chemical used to kill insects
Term
circum,
circle
Definition
around, about

circumnavigate - to sail around; circumscribe - to draw around; circumspect - looking around
Term
claim, clam
Definition
shout, speak out

clamor - to shout and make noise; exclaim - to cry out loudly and suddenly; proclamation - something announced officially in public
Term
clar
Definition
clear

clarification - an explanation; clarify - to make something clear; declare - to state something clearly
Term
clud, clus
Definition
close

conclusion - the end or last part; exclusion - shutting out, rejecting; seclude - to keep away from; to isolate
Term
cline
Definition
lean

inclination - a leaning toward; incline - a surface that slopes or leans; recline - to lean back and relax
Term
co
Definition
with, together, joint

coauthor - writer who collaborates with another author; coeducation - educating males and females together; cohousing - planning your neighborhood in an intentional neighborly fashion
Term
col
Definition
together, jointly

Collaborate - to work together; collision - smashing together; colloquial - words formed by everday interaction
Term
com
Definition
together, common

commemorate - to memorize together; composition - an arrangement or putting together of parts; commune - living together while owning things in common
Term
cogn/i
Definition
know

cognition - process of acquiring knowledge; incognito - disguised so no one knows you; recognize - to discover that one knows
Term
con
Definition
with, jointly

concur - to agree with someone; contemporary - of the same time period as others; convention - a gathering of people with a common interest
Term
contra/o
Definition
against, opposite

contradict to argue against, Contraflow, contraception, contrary not in agreement, controversy disagreement
Term
corp/o
Definition
body

corporation - a company recognized by law as a single body; corpse - a dead body; corporal - pertaining to the body
Term
cosm/o
Definition
universe

cosmonaut - a Russian astronaut; cosmos - the universe; microcosm - a miniature universe
Term
cred
Definition
believe

credence - belief that something is true or valid; credulous - believing things too easily, gullible; incredible - unbelievable
Term
crypto
Definition
hidden, secret

cryptic - of hidden meaning; cryptography - science of secret codes; encrypt - encode into secret code
Term
cycl
Definition
circle, ring

bicycle - a vehicle with two wheels; cycle - a sequence that is repeated; cyclone - a storm with circling winds
Term
de
Definition
reduce, away, down, remove

decelerate - to slow down, reduce speed; dethrone - to remove from power; debug - to remove bugs
Term
dem/o
Definition
people

democracy - government of the people; demographic - the study of people; epidemic - spreading among people in a region
Term
dendr/o/i
Definition
tree

philodendron - a climbing plant that grows on trees; dendrochronology - dating events by studying growth rings in trees; dendriform - in the shape of a tree
Term
di/plo
Definition
two, twice

dichromatic - displaying two colors; diploma - a certificate, literally "a letter folded double"; dilemma - a situation that requires a choice between two alternatives.
Term
di/s
Definition
apart, away,
not, to the opposite

digression - a departure from the main issue, subject; disappear - to move out of sight; dissect - to cut apart piece by piece.
Term
dia
Definition
through, between,
apart, across

diabetes - disease characterized by excessive thirst and discharge of urine; diagnosis - understanding a condition by going through a detailed review of symptoms; dialog - conversation between two people.
Term
dict
Definition
speak

contradict - to express the opposite of; prediction - a statement foretelling the future; dictate - to speak out loud for another person to write down
Term
domin
Definition
master

dominate - to be the master of; domineering - excessively controlling; predominate - to have more power than others
Term
don/at
Definition
give

donation - a contribution or gift; donor - someone who gives something; pardon - to give forgiveness for an offense
Term
duc/t
Definition
lead

conduct - to lead musicians in playing music; educate - to lead to knowledge; deduction - a subtraction of an amount
Term
e-
Definition
out, away

eloquent - speaking beautifully and forcefully; emissary - a representative of a country or group sent on a mission; eject - throw out forcefully
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