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Woody Plants
Written Final
103
Biology
Undergraduate 4
07/05/2012

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Family: -Bract is shaped like a strap and flowers are hanging from it -heart shaped alternate leaves -odd fruit (hangs off leaf on strap)-dry drupe/capsule-Fruit is eaten by many varments
Definition
Family: Tiliaceae 
Term
-produces honey -inner bark has long fibers used for cordage (rope, etc)
Definition
Family: Tiliaceae 
Term

Family and Genera -regulary showy symetrical flowers -in the middle of the flower there is a stalk; stamen tube with lots of anthers in column -Alternate simple leaves -Seeds have hair on them -resembles marshmellows

 

Okra and Cotton

Definition

Family: Malvaceae 

Gnera: Hibiscus

Term

Family: -also has hairy seeds -alternate leaves -have stipules -they are dioecious -true catkins in male and female(male on left, female on right) -fruit type is a capsule with hairy seeds -long narrow leaves

 

acid from tree goes into aspirin

Definition
Family: Salicaceae (Willow family)
Term
Genera? -often linear leaves -one bud scale (little cap going over bud) -twigs break easily -buds often appressed
Definition
Salix (Willow)
Term
Genera? -the pith is angled/pentagon shaped -heart shaped or triangular leaves -many bud scales; they are sticky
Definition
Populus (cottonwoods and aspens)
Term
Family? commonly known as the Heath family -mostly shrubs -simple alternate leaves -showy flowers; bell shaped (parts in 5’s) -petals connected -berry or capsule -grow in acidic/poor soils
Definition
Ericaceae
Term
Economic uses family? -Blueberries -Cranberries (in bogs) -Wintergreen
Definition
Ericaceae
Term
 Genus name? -large, showy flowers -capsules -ours is evergreen
Definition
Rhododendron
Term
Genus name?  -bell/urn shaped flowers, fruit type is a berry, always a shrub
Definition
Vaccinium
Term

Genera and Family? -alternate simple leaves -small bell shaped flowers -4 sepals,they get larger with berry -bark is blocky looking -hairy twigs -one to two bud scales

 

economic:

-gavelin base

-persimon

Definition

Genera: Diospyros

 

Family:Ebenaceae

Term
Family? -alternate leaves with stipules -always lots of lots of stamens -Always a hypanthium; cup -Lots of different fruit types: Pomes, hips, aggregates, hip, follicles
Definition
Rosaceae
Term
 Family? -strawberries -blackberries -pears -raspberries -apples -cherry -plum -almond -peach
Definition
Rosaceae
Term
Genus? -only Rosa’s have Hips -comp pinnate leaves -prickles -shrubs
Definition
Rosa
Term
Genus? -simple leaves with glands -drupes -horizontal lenticels
Definition
Prunus
Term
Genus? -pome as fruit type -grey hair
Definition
Malus
Term
Genus? -pomes w/gritty cells; why pears taste gritty
Definition
Pyrus
Term
Genus? Apple
Definition
Malus
Term
Genus? Pear
Definition
Pyrus
Term
Genus? -pomes for fruit type -big thorns on them -does not have hair -smooth round buds -leaves usually lobed
Definition
Crataegus
Term
Genus? -aggregates of drupes -always compound leaves -prickles
Definition
Rubus
Term
Genus? -raspberry -blackberry
Definition
Rubus
Term
Family? -alternate simple leaves -small bell shaped flowers -4 sepals,they get larger with berry -bark is blocky looking -hairy twigs -one to two bud scales
Definition
Ebenaceae
Term
Family name? -Persimons
Definition
Ebenaceae
Term
Family? -alternate leaves with stipules -always lots of lots of stamens -Always a hypanthium; cup -Lots of different fruit types: Pomes, hips, aggregates, hip, follicles
Definition
Rosaceae
Term
Family? -strawberries -blackberries -pears -raspberries -apples -cherry -plum -almond -peach
Definition
Rosaceae
Term
Genus? -only Rosa’s have Hips -comp pinnate leaves -prickles -shrubs
Definition
Rosa
Term
Genus? -simple leaves with glands -drupes -horizontal lenticels
Definition
Prunus
Term
Genus? -pome as fruit type -grey hair
Definition
Malus
Term
Genus? -pomes w/gritty cells; why pears taste gritty
Definition
Pyrus
Term
Genus? Apple
Definition
Malus
Term
Genus? Pear
Definition
Pyrus
Term
Genus?  -pomes -long, striate buds -ciliate scales
Definition
Amelanchier
Term
Genus? -pomes for fruit type -big thorns on them -does not have hair -smooth round buds -leaves usually lobed
Definition
Crataegus
Term
Genus? -aggregates of drupes -always compound leaves -prickles
Definition
Rubus
Term
Family? -raspberry -blackberry
Definition
-Rosaceae
Term

Family and Genus?

-Gooseberry and currants

-shrubs

-alt palmately lobed leaves

-5 petals

-inferior ovary

Definition
-Grossulariaceae -Ribes
Term

Which family -Alt leaves -legumes -nitrogen fixing nodes

 

Mimosa, Honeylocust, Kentucky coffee tree and Redbud part of?

Definition
-Fabaceae
Term
Sub-Family and Genus?

-Kentucky coffee tree
Definition
-Caesalpiniaceae
-Gymnocladus
Term
What family and Genus does the Russian Olive belong to?
Definition
-Elaeagnaceae
-Eleagnus
Term
Family?


-opposite leaves
-flower parts in 4
-inferior ovary, drupe
-arcuate upnation (veins in leaves arc)
-big flower bud on end of branch once they lose their leaves
Definition
Cornaceae
Term
Genus?
-Dogwood
-has big bracts; modified leaves
-flowerparts in 4
-inferior ovary
-big flower bud on end of branch once they lose their leaves
Definition
-Cornus
Term
Family?


-diaphramed pith
-alternate, simple leaves
-3 bundle scars in leaf scar
-blue drupe
-3 spots in the leaf scar
-fruit when ripe looks like small olives
-branches go straight out from tree
Definition
Nyssaceae
Term
Family? -flowers kind of look like stars-flattened flower -simple leaves (alternate or opposite) -colorful capsule with arillate (fleshy covering) seeds
Definition
-Celastraceae
Term
Genus (Celestraceae)?


-opposite leaves
-green stems
-opposite leaves
Genus (Celestraceae)?
Definition
-Euonymous
Term

Genus?

-alternate leaves

-brown stems

-is a vine

Definition
-Celastrus
Term
Genus (Celestraceae)?


-American bittersweet
Definition
-Celastrus
Term
Family?


-Ilex is the only genus
-trees and shrubs
-alternate, simple leaves
-drupe with several seeds; ovule splits into several seeds
-sepals stay on back of fruit
-dioecious
Definition
-Aquifoliaceae
Term
-This is the genus of the holly
Definition
Ilex
Term
Family?

-alternate leaves (usually)
-berry from superior ovary
-naked tan buds (hairy)
Definition
Rhamnaceae
Term
Genus of the Carolina buckthorn?
Definition
Rhamnus
Term
Family?


-palmately compound opposite leaves
-large panicle
-capsule spiney fruit with large seeds
-buckeye family
Definition
-Hippocastanaceae
Term
This is the genus for the buckeye?
Definition
-Aesculus
Term
Family?


-opposite palmately leaves
-double samara fruit (only thing with double Samara)
-3 stipule scars
-maples
Definition
-Aceraceae
Term
Family?


-Maple syrup
-bowling pins
-bowling floors
Definition
-Aceraceae
Term
Family?

-sumac family, but also includes poison ivy
-milky sap
-large panicle (red grapy looking things)
-fruit is a drupe
-has naked hairy buds
Definition
-Anacardaceae
Term
Family?

-Mangos
-Pistachios
-Cashews
Definition
-Anacardaceae
Term
Genus?

-Smoke Tree

-simple egg shaped leaves
-very limited range (main range is southern MO and Northern Arkansas)
-purplish twigs
-hairy pedicals
-small drupes
Definition
Cotinus
Term
Genus?

-Sumac
-compound leaves; sometimes large
-usually red drupes
Definition
-Rhus
Term
Genus:

-Poison Ivy

-3 leaflets
-poisonus milky sap
-white/yellow drupes
Definition
Toxicodendron
Term
Family?


-large alternate/compound leaves
-large leaf scars
-glands on teeth on leaves
-little bump on teeth on leaflets
-has a bad smell
-fruit is an orange color twisted samara
Definition
-Simaroubaceae
Term
Genus of the "tree of heaven"?
Definition
-Ailanthus
Term
Family?


-only family with hesperidium (citrus)
-alternate compound leaves, often spines
-resin glands
-capsule also
Definition
-Rutaceae
Term
The family with citrus fruits?
Definition
-Rutaceae
Term
Genus?

-Prickly Ash
-citrus like rind on capsule
-pinnate leaves with paired spines
-big orange bud
-yellowish in twigs
Definition
-Zanthoxylum
Term
Genus?


-has 3 leaflets
-roundsamaras for fruit; look like little wafers
-alternate leaves
-”stinking ash”
-grows by limestone
Definition
-Ptelea
Term
Family?


-opposite trifoliate leaves
-dark brown twigs
-bladdery capsule
Definition
-Staphyleaceae
Term
Family:


opposite or whorled simpleleaves
-fruit is a drupe
-usually 4 petals and a inferior ovary
-mostly herbs
Definition
-Rubiaceae
Term
Family?


-coffee
-quinina(malaria treatment)
Definition
-Rubiaceae
Term
Genus?


- button bush
-multiple of achenes
-grows near water
Definition
-Cephalanthus
Term
Family?


-opposite leaves (simple or compound)
-inferior ovary
-fruit is usually a drupe
-flower parts in 5’s
Definition
-Caprifoliaceae
Term
Family and Genus?

-Eldeberry
Definition
-Caprifoliaceae
-Sambucus
Term
Genus?

-Caprifoliaceae
-opposite simple leaves
-fruits in auxillary pairs
Definition
-Lonicera
Term
Genus?

-opposite compound leaves
-a “weak shrub”
-terminal flowers
-berry
-big spongy pith
Definition
-Sambucus
Term
Genus?

-simple leaves
-clusters of fleshy fruit in axils of leaves (red)
-”coral berry”
-”buck bush"
Definition
-Symphoicarpos
Term
Genus?


-simple leaves
-valvate buds; 2 bud scales
-terminal cluster-drupes (oval)
-edible
Definition
-Viburnum
Term
Family name:


Opposite to sub opposite leaves
-Woody Plant
-4 petals, only has 2 stamens
-drupes, capsules, samaras
Definition
Oleaceae
Term
Family name:


Economic:
-Olive’s
-Ash Wood
Definition
Oleaceae
Term
Genus:
-American Ash

-pinnately compound leaves
-samaras; single seeded
-roundish stems
-wing is at tip of leaf
Definition
Fraxinus
Term
Family: baseball bat
Definition
Oleaceae
Term
Genus:
-Green Ash

-samaras of green ash the seeds are really thin
-semi circular leaf scar
Definition
Fraxinus
Term
Genus:
-Blue Ash
-Angled stems
Definition
Fraxinus
Term
Genus:



-shrubs
-opposite simple leaves
-terminal cluster of blue drupes
Definition
Ligustrum
Term
Genus:
-Fringe tree


-long white thin petals
-big oval opposite simple leaves
-bigger blue drupes
-several planted on campus
Definition
Chionanthus
Term
Family:

-whorled or opposite leaves
-showy flowers
-has a long thin capsule (two compartments)
-winged seeds and flat and hairy
Definition
Bignoniacaeae
Term
Genus:

-heart shaped leaves
-whitish flowers
-trees
Definition
Catalpa
Term
Genus:

-a vine
-pinnately compound leaves
-trumpet shaped red flowers
Definition
Campsis
Term
Family:


mostly herbacious
-alternate leaves on same plant
-showy flowers
-fruit is a capsule
Definition
Scrophulariaceae
Term
Genus:


-only tree in Scrophulariaceae (Princess Tree)
-opposite whorled heart leaves
-purple flowers before leafs out
-capsule shape is short oval capsules
-very hairy species
Definition
Paulowina
Term
Family:

-grape family;fruit of life
-vines
-always have tendrils of some sort (opposite the leaves)
-fleshy fruit; mostly berriesin a cluster
Definition
Vitaceae
Term
Family:

-grapes
-wine made from grapes
Definition
Vitaceae
Term
Genus:
-brown pith
-panicle
-simple leaves
-edible berries
Definition
Vitis
Term
Genus:
-false grape

-white pith
-flat top clustered fruit
-sometimes have drupes
-not edible
Definition
Ampelopsis
Term
Genus:
-Virginia Creeper

-vine
-5 leaflets (different from grape and false grapes)
-berries
-suckers on tendrils
Definition
Parthenocissus
Term
Family:

-very large compound leaves
-pinnate or palmate leaves
-unbranching tropical trees
-panicle, flower parts in 3’s
-drupe
Definition
Arecaceae
Term
Family:

-coconuts
-palm oil
Definition
Arecaceae
Term
Family:


-spiral alternate arrangement of big pointy sword like leaves
-fruit in a large panicle - capsule or berry
Definition
Agavaceae
Term
Family:

-tequilla
Definition
Agavaceae
Term
Genus of Agavaceae here in Missouri?
Definition
Yucca
Term
Family and Genus:

-has prickles

--green stemmed vines (only green vine with prickles)
-tendrils and prickles
-berries/drupes
-palmate to parallel
Definition
Smilacaceae

Smilax
Term
Family:

-grass
-fruit type is a grain
-leaves linear
-small green flowers
Definition
Poaceae
Term
Family:

-Corn
-Rice
-oat
-wheat
-Rye
-Barley
-sugar from sugar cane
-Lots more
-Bamboo is the woody plant of the Poaceae
Definition
Poaceae
Term
Genus:

-bamboo all around the Buffalo River
Definition
Arundinaria
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