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| The less dominant culture adopts some of the traits of the more influential one |
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| Belief that inanimate objectives have spirits and conscious life |
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| Human creations that reflects values, beliefs, and behaviors |
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| Dominant culture completely absorbs the less dominant one |
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| Started in Iran in 1800s. It is based on two people. Doesn't take the Qur'an literally. They don't believe in angels and demons. Heaven and Hell are not places they are condition of the soul. All religions come from the same source. |
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| Specific statement that people hold to be true |
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| The ability to communicate in two languages |
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| A universal religion based on the teaching of the Buddha and holding that a state of enlightment can be attained by suppressing worldly desire |
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| Provides a code of moral conduct based on humaneness and family loyalty |
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| When almost all individuals and area outward from the source region are affected |
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| A tongue that originates from contact between two languages |
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| Emphasizes human culture as ultimately more important than physical enviroment in shaping human actions |
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| Spread of cultural elements from one society to another |
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| The field that studies the relationships between the natural environment and culture |
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| Subfield of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space |
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| The area where civilizations first began that radiated the customs, innovations, and ideolagies that culturally transformed the world |
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| The modification of the natural landscape by human activites |
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| The practice of evaluating a culture by its own standards |
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| A single attribute of culture |
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| The process by which one generation passes culture to the next |
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| When a trait combines with others in a distinctive way |
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| An area marked by culture that distinguishes it from other regions |
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| A group of interconnected culture complexes |
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| Belief that human happiness lies in maintaining proper harmony with nature |
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| A regional variety of language |
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| Forced exodus from their lands of origin |
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| Durkeim's Sacred and Profane |
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| As human beings, we define something as profane, which is ordinary, and sacred, which is extraordinary |
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| Derived from the Byzantine Church and adhering to Byzantine rites. One of the 3 major branches of Christianity |
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| Environmental Determinism |
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| The view that the natural environment has a controlling infulence over various aspects of human life including cultural development |
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| Appeal primarily to one group of people living in one place |
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| The practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture |
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| Languages once in use, but are no longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world |
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| Culture that is traditionally practiced by small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas |
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| When many people who live in a land space share at least some of the same folk customs |
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| The composite culture that shapes the lives of folk societies |
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| A culture region can represent and entire culture system that interwines with its located and environmental circumstances |
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| A famous geographer that wrote about cultural diffusion about the smae time as Carl Sauer |
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| The spread of and idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places. |
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| World's 3th largest religion and oldest organized religion still in practice. Has no holy book, so each individual decides the best way to worship |
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| Emphasizes the ability of human beings to guide their own lives |
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| Developments that can be traced to a specific civilization |
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| Indo-European Language Family |
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| Family languages with the greatest number of speakers, spoken in most of Europe and areas of European settlement and in much of southwestern and Southern Asia |
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| The religion of Muslims collectively which governs their civilization and way of life |
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| Boundaries within which the words are spoken |
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| The monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud |
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| A systematic means of communication ideas and feelings through the use of signs, gestures, marks, or vocal sounds |
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| Group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin |
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| Group of languages with more commonality than a language family |
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| An established language that comes to be spoken and understood over a large area |
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| A condition in which many languages are spoken |
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| The study of speech areas and their local variations by mapping word choices, pronunciations, or grammatical constructions |
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| One of the two great schools of Buddhist doctorine emphasizing a common search for universal salvatiion especially through faith alone |
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| Transformed communism into a central ideology in many areas during the 20th century |
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| Physical manifestations of human activities. Relates to environment |
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| Spread of cultural trait is slow enough that they weaken in the area of origin by the time they reach other areas |
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| The ability to communicate in more than two languages |
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| Human creations that are not embodied in physical objects |
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| Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members |
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| Language endorsed and recognized by the government as the one that everyone should know and use |
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| An artificial languages used for trade between speakers of different languages |
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| Found in large, heterogeneous societies that are bonded by a common culture despite the many differences among the people that share it |
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| Reformers who protested some practices of the Catholic Church |
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| Awareness of being a part of a group of people living in a culture region |
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| Religion: Branches, Denominations, and Sects |
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Branches: Large and basic divisions within a religion
Denominations: Divisions of branches that unite local groups in a single administrative body
Sects: Relatively small groups that do not affiliate with the more mainstream denominations |
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| Spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another |
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| A branch of Christianity that arose because of the Roman's split by Diocletian |
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| Wrote about diffusion in agricultural Origins and Dispersals |
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| An ethnic religion in which people follow their Shaman, a religious leader and teacher who is believed to be in contract with the supernatural |
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| One of the two main branches of Islam. Believe that the successor should be a member of Muhammed's family |
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| The doctorine of a monotheistic religion founded in Nourthern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam |
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| Language that is recognized by the government and the intellectual elite as the norm of use in schools, government, media, and other aspecets of public life |
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| Spread of and underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected |
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| One of the main branches of Islam; belief that the successor should be chosen by agrreement among the religious leaders |
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| Smaller landscapes that symbolize a bigger area or category |
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| Designs that stand for other things or ideas |
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| The fussion of old and new |
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| One of the 3 main branches of Buddhism; characterized by a stricter adherence to the original teachings of the Buddha |
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| Declining degree of acceptance of an idea of innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source |
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| A religion that has originality and is not modernized |
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| Two-way flows of culture reflect a more equal exchange of cultural traits |
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| One of the 3 main branches of Buddhism. Emphasizes on magic as well as different meditation techniques |
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| Religion that attempts to be global in its appeal to all people |
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