Term
Relationship b/w
Coral & Algae |
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Definition
Mutualistic
-80% food algae make are eaten by the coral, surrounding and attached to the algae
-Coral grow in good shape to catch light by algae
-Coral provides carbon source for algae |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Jelly Fish & Algae |
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Definition
Mutualistic
-Jelly fish w/o stingers have area where algae live
-Seek out and stay in sun so algae can make nutrients
-Jelly swims down to deep decomposing stuff so algae can get carbon source |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Ants & Plants |
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Definition
-Ants protect plants from predators eating them (bite hurts)
-Ants chew rival plants to death
-Ants rewarded with: Home in the plant, Nectar, Protein packets to feed to larvae
-Plants eat ant poop |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Fungi & Tree |
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Definition
Mutualistic
-Fungi digest wood, Rot tree to the core leaving it hollow (eats dead tissue only)
-Hollow tree continues to grow b/c tree only needs outer layer
-Hollow is beneficial b/c protects against storms
-Roots and animals can live in the hollow tree, Tree eats animal poop |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Fungi & Orchids |
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Definition
-Fungi wrap around orchid roots
-Fungi supplies needed nutrients to orchid seed
-Fungi surface area helps plants grow by getting more nutrients |
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Term
What is a Lichen?
What is role of each organism? |
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Definition
Fungi + Lichen
-Intimate relationship
-Hard skins -Curly crust -Bushes
Lichens flourish in harsh environments like desert, and on tombstones
-Fungi deliver moisture to algae by absorbing fog
-Slow growth |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Mistletoe & Tree |
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Definition
Parasidic
-Mistletoe has no roots, absorbs all moisture from tree
-Makes some food by flowering, leaves
Ex: Christmas tree: Entire tree grows by attaching to roots of other plants and sucking out the moisture to live, Make some of own food with leaves |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Mistletoe & Birds |
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Definition
-Eat fruit seed coating off the mistletoe
-Poops out sticky seed and wipes it off (dance) onto the tree branch
→Seed attaches to branch and absorbs nutrients to grow |
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Term
Relationship b/w
Dotter & Nettle |
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Definition
Parasitic
-Dotter needs nettle to live
-Siphons moisture from nettle growths that dotter needs to flower |
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Term
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Definition
Parasitic
-Largest flower in the world
-Only flowers (no roots)
-Lives off roots of others
-Attracts flies for germination with rotting meat smell
-Cup: Houses spiky disc: Under disc is liquid pollen
-Fly picks up pollen and carries it to other Raflezia
-Grows so big b/c steals food and doesn’t use energy to make its own (Puts all energy into growing big) |
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Term
| Adaptations plants growing in Arctic Tundra use to survive |
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Definition
Need: Water, Nutrients, Warmth/Light
-Live in rock (algae)
-Grow slowly, need only minimal sunlight (lichens on rocks)
-Tiny flowers grow close to the ground, away from wind during summer when water melts
-Plants absorb dead animals as decay = food
-Track sun, pointing towards it (Poppies) |
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Term
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Definition
Alps
-Bugs grow during autumn, remain dormant until sun
-Buds open before snow melts (in anticipation of sun)
-Vegetation decays slowly |
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Term
Plant adaptations on
high mountains use to survive cold |
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Definition
Grow in cushion round humps
-Conserve heat, reduce wind chill
-Absorbs heat, photosynthesizing and growing
Grow to same height
-Not block one another from sun
Hair keeps plant warm
-Large, extensive root system absorbs nutrients from soil
-Vlunerable buds protected by harsh conditions by leaf covering
Ex:Mt. Kenya Moss: Freezing at night causes moss to be uprooted, Moss forms balls that roll around on frozen land until day melts harsh conditions |
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Term
Plant adaptations in
Desert |
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Definition
Moisture scarce in hot, dry
-Store water in bloated branches
-Condense life into few weeks (no underground storage) and make seeds that lay dormant until rains
-Pretty flowers grow to attract pollination
Ex: Quiver Tree: White color reflects sun away, Pores minimalize water loss, Smooth trunk relatively impermeable, Reduces loss of water vapor by self-amputation of branch (get by on having fewer leaves)
Ex: Window Plant: Transparent tops catch sun for photosynthesis, Get covered by sand but live underground so hold nutrients, Underground to protect from predators
Ex: Mole rats bring plant bulbs underground to eat, but forget and the bulbs sprout
Ex: Cactus: Water kept in grooves, Tufts of flowers on crowns of branches, Catch liquid before evaporate, Defend against predator w/ spines |
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Term
Plant adaptations in
Low nutrient soils |
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Definition
Rain washes away nutrients
-Plants eat animals!
Ex: Bromilia grows into water, Vacuum bladder traps animal
Ex: Sticky drops on hair look sweet, Sticky, Insect caught and folded into plant
Ex: Amazon Water Lilly: Leaves protected by spines, Float with air girder, Turned up edges push competition away
Flower: Day 1 OPENS: Smell attracts beetle
Night 1 CLOSES: Traps beetle, covered in pollen
Day 2 OPENS: Lets beetle go, others come and pollinate lily
Day 2 NIGHT: Closes and dies so cannot get self polinated |
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Term
Similarities b/w
Plantae & Green Algae |
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Definition
-Pigments Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b
-Accessory pigments carotenes (lipids) and Xanthphylls
-Store excess products of photosynthesis as starches
-Cell wall of cellulose
-Replication mechanism is cell plate formed by vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
Mosses
Vascular Tissue-Non-vascular
Dispersal/Reproduction-Spores
Desiccation Prevention-Cuticle
Gas Exchange-Stomata + Guard cells
Gametangia-Archegonium+Antheridium / Sporangium
Lignin-Grow kinda tall
-Gametophyte Dom |
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Term
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Definition
Fern
Vascular Xylem+Phloem
Spores
Cuticle
Stomata+Guard Cell
Archegonium +
Antheridium / Sporangium
Lignin makes it grow kinda tall
Sporophyte Dom |
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Term
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Definition
Trees
Vascular Xylem+Phloem
Seeds: Naked
Cuticle
Stomata+Guard Cells
Archegonium+Antheridium / Sporangium
Lignin grows HUGE TREE
Sporophyte Dom |
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Term
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Definition
Flowering plants, Grass (only flowers)
Vascular Xylem+Phloem
Seeds:Covered
Cuticle
Archegonium+Antheridium / Sporangium
Sporophyte Dom |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to carry nutrients throughout the plant |
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Term
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Definition
Vascular Tissue
Water flows up into the leaves where it evaporates |
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Term
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Definition
Vascular Tissue
"Flows" down, Carries waste products out plant |
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Term
| Dispersal/Reproductive Mechanism |
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Definition
Spores or Seeds
Naked Seed: No additional tissue around their seeds
Covered Seed: Fruit flesh -Entices animal toe eat the fruit and poop out the seed, dispersing them |
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Term
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Definition
Stop loss of water through evaporation
-Cuticle: Waxy covering stopping loss of water vapor
-Algae don't have cuticle b/c live in water |
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Term
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Definition
Stomata: Holes allowing for gas exchange inside leaves of plants, But still leads to water loss
Guard cells: 2 surround each stomata, Protect and limit water loss
-U shape = Open, Exchange in good condition
-Flaccid = Cover stomata, stopping water loss |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Polymer found in xylem/phloem
Provides plant support, allowing them to overcome the effects of gravity (grow tall)
-Gymnosperms and Angiosperms grow tall with this |
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