Shared Flashcard Set

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Winter Exam
mythology and ancient Greek drama
90
English
9th Grade
12/16/2009

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Actaeon
Definition

Actaeon stumbled upon Artemis bathing while he was hunting. She was mad that he saw her naked and turned him into a stag. His own hounds turned on him and tore him to pieces. 

 

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Term
Admetus and Alcestis
Definition
Alcestis agreed to marry Admetus only if he came for her in a chariot drawn by lions and boars. He did this with the help of his herdsman (Apollo). Admetus fell ill and Apollo begged the fates to let someone else die in his place. Only Alcestis volunteered to die for Admetus. After Alcestis died, she was rescued from the underworld by Heracles.
Term
Adonis
Definition
Born out of a tree (parents?). Aphrodite took pity on the baby because of his beauty and entrusted him to Persephone. When he was grown Persephone refused to give him back. Aphrodite and Persephone ask Zeus about their fight. Zeus says that Adonis will spend a third of the year with Persephone and another third with Aphrodite, he allowed Adonis to choose where he spend the last third. 
Term
Aeschylus
Definition
Introduced a second actor 
Term
Alcestis
Definition
Daughter of King Pelias. Volunteered to die in her husbands place, but was brought back to life. 
Term
Aphrodite
Definition

Roman name: Venus

Goddess of love, beauty and fertility Married to Hephaestus

 

Animal: dove, swan

 

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Term
Apollo
Definition

Roman name: Apollo

God of prophesy, music, and the sun

Twin of Artemis

 

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Term
Arachne
Definition

Mortal weaver who was better then Athena. She challenged the goddess and won. Athena was angry at loosing to a mortal and made Arachne regret challenging her. Arachne grew depressed and committed suicide. Athena felt pity for the girl and brought her back to life as a spider so that she could do what she loved. 

 

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Term
Ares
Definition

Roman name: Mars

God of war (warlike frenzy)

Animal: mean dogs

 

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Term
Argus
Definition

Guarded Io for Hera. Killed by Hermes. Hera cut off all of his 100 eyes and put them on her favorite bird, the peacock. 

 

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Term
Artemis
Definition

Roman name: Diana

Goddess of the hunt, single women, and the moon

Twin of Apollo

Animal: deer, stag

 

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Term
Atalanta
Definition
Raised by bears until hunters found her. Helped kill a wild boar sent by Artemis. When she met her father she agreed only to marry if the suitor could beat her in a footrace. Hippomenes asked Aphrodite for help and she gave him three golden apples. As Hippomenes and Atalanta were racing, Hippomenes threw each of the apples at different times distracting Atalanta enough for Hippomenes to win. Aphrodite turned them into lions because they did not give her proper honor.  
Term
Atalanta and Hippomenes
Definition
When she met her father she agreed only to marry if the suitor could beat her in a footrace. Hippomenes asked Aphrodite for help and she gave him three golden apples. As Hippomenes and Atalanta were racing, Hippomenes threw each of the apples at different times distracting Atalanta enough for Hippomenes to win. Aphrodite turned them into lions because they did not give her proper honor.
Term
Athena
Definition

Roman name: Minerva

Goddess of crafts, domestic arts, those of war, wisdom Animal: owl

 

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Term
Atlas
Definition
Doomed to hold up the earth forever. Saved by Perseus when Perseus showed him the head of Medusa to turn him into stone. Atlas is now the Atlas Mountains.  
Term
Baucis and Philemon
Definition

The couple that gave Zeus and Hermes hospitality. When given one wish, they requested that they would die together. At the time of their death, they were changed into intertwined trees. 

 

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Term
Bellerophon
Definition

-Pegasus

- Chimera

-tried to fly to Mt. Olympus 

Term
Callisto and Arcas
Definition

Seduced by Zeus. 

Had a son, Arcas

Hera turned her into a bear

Many years later her son went hunting

Callisto rushed to embrace him forgetting her bear form

Arcas shot and arrow at her

Zeus intervened and put both Callisto and Arcas into the stars as bears

Term
Ceyx and Halcyon
Definition

A Greek demi-goddess, sometimes regarded as one of the Pleiades. More often she was thought of as the daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx, son of Eosphorus and the king of Thessaly. They were very happy together, but then Ceyx perished in a shipwreck and Alcyone threw herself into the sea. Out of compassion, the gods changed them into the halcyon birds

 

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Term
Clytie
Definition
[image][image]
Term
Daedalus
Definition
Inventor
Term
Daedalus and Icarus
Definition

 

[image] [image] [image] [image] [image]


 

Term
Damon and Pythias
Definition
Loyalty and Friendship
Term
Daphne
Definition
[image][image]
Term
Demeter
Definition

Roman name: Ceres

Goddess of agriculture

Mother of Persephone

Term
Dionysia
Definition
An orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus 
Term
Dionysus
Definition

Roman name: Bacchus

God of wine

Term
Echo
Definition
A talkative nymph punished by Hera to only speak what she last heard. Echo falls in love with Narcissus but he is not interested in her. She dies in the mountains and can still be heard. 
Term
Endymion
Definition
Eternal sleep
Term
Europa
Definition

Zeus took the form of a beautiful white bull and encountered Europa at the seashore. By appearing to be very tame, he coaxed her to climb onto his back and then swam off with her across the sea to Crete. In Crete, Europa had three sons by Zeus -- Minos, Sarpedon, and Rhadamanthys. Zeus also gave her three gifts: the bronze man, Talos, to act as her guardian; a dog, Laelaps, which never failed of its quarry; and a javelin which never missed its mark. Europa afterwards married Asterius, the king of Crete.

 

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Term
Eurydice
Definition
[image]
Term
Galatea
Definition
?
Term
Hades
Definition

Roman name: Pluto

God of the dead

-watches over shades

-owns all gems and minerals in the earth

Term
Halcyon
Definition
A Greek demi-goddess, sometimes regarded as one of the Pleiades. More often she was thought of as the daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx, son of Eosphorus and the king of Thessaly. They were very happy together, but then Ceyx perished in a shipwreck and Alcyone threw herself into the sea. Out of compassion, the gods changed them into the halcyon birds
Term
Hephaestus
Definition

Roman name: Vulcan

God of fire, crafts and blacksmiths.

Married to Aphrodite

Animal: quail

Term
Hera
Definition

Roman name: Juno

Goddess of marriage

Married to Zeus

Animal: cow

Term
Hercules
Definition
[image]
Term
Hermes
Definition

Roman name: Mercury

Messenger for the gods and guide of dead souls to the Underworld

Term
Hero and Leander
Definition

Leander fell in love with Hero and would swim every night across the Hellespont to be with her. Hero would light a lamp at the top of her tower to guide his way.

Succumbing to Leander's soft words, and to his argument that Aphrodite, as goddess of love, would scorn the worship of a virgin, Hero allowed him to make love to her. This routine lasted through the warm summer. But one stormy winter night, the waves tossed Leander in the sea and the breezes blew out Hero's light, and Leander lost his way, and was drowned. Hero threw herself from the tower in grief and died as well.

Term
Hycinthus
Definition

[image]

 

-discus

-flowers out of blood

-apollos love

Term
Intermission
Definition
not given in the theatre
Term
Io
Definition
[image]
Term
Leto
Definition

-Hera

-Delos

-Artemis and Apollo

Term
Marsyas
Definition

After Athena first played the flute she had invented, she threw it away because it made her cheeks look puffy when she played it. A satyr named Marsyas found it. He played so well on it he challenged Apollo to a music playing contest to see who made prettier music. Apollo won the contest and wanted to punish Marsyas for thinking he played better than him. Apollo chased him and when he caught him, in a cave near Calaenae in Phrygia, cut off his skin'. The satyr's blood turned into the river Marsyas.

 

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Term
Meleager
Definition

[image]

 

 

Term
Midas
Definition
[image]
Term
Midas
Definition
Term
Narcissus
Definition
[image]
Term
Niobe
Definition
[image]
Term
Orion
Definition
[image]
Term
Orpheus
Definition
[image][image]
Term
Orpheus and Eurydice
Definition
[image]
Term
Pandora
Definition

[image]

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Term
Perseus
Definition
[image]
Term
Phaethon
Definition
[image]
Term
Poseidon
Definition

Roman name: Neptune

God of the sea, earthquakes and horses

One of the three main brothers

Term
Prometheus
Definition

[image]

 

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Term
Pygmalion and Galatea
Definition
[image]
Term
Pyramus and Thisbe
Definition
[image]
Term
Silenus
Definition
[image]
Term
Sisyphus
Definition
[image]
Term
Sophocles
Definition
added third actor to theatre
Term
Theseus
Definition
[image][image]
Term
Thespis
Definition
Added first actor to theatre
Term
Violence
Definition
 not allowed on stage
Term
Zeus
Definition

Roman name: Jupiter

God of weather, supreme god of the Olympians

Married to Hera

Animal: eagle

Term
altar
Definition
placed in the theater for sacrafices 
Term
chorus
Definition
group of 12 who give background information
Term
mask
Definition
shows age, gender, emotion
Term
messenger
Definition
used to tell about off stage violence
Term
orchestra
Definition
circular area for chorus
Term
parados
Definition
entrance way for chorus
Term
proskenium
Definition
upper level of skene for actors
Term
satyr
Definition
[image]
Term
skene
Definition
building for costume changes
Term
theatron
Definition
seating!
Term
tragedy
Definition
original name for "goat" or tragos"
Term
Crete
Definition
Island destination for Europa 
Term
Athens
Definition
really important place named after Athena....
Term
Ithaca
Definition
fun to say
Term
Sicily
Definition
Island home of Polyphemus 
Term
Delphi
Definition
Oracle
Term
Delos
Definition

Island that grew to the sea floor

Birth place of Artemis and Apollo

 

Term
Thrace
Definition
Kingdom of Orpheus
Term
Icarian Sea
Definition
named after Icarus when he flew to close to the sun and melted his wings
Term
Pegasus
Definition
[image]
Term
centaur
Definition
[image]
Term
chimera
Definition
[image]
Term
furies
Definition
They were placed in the Underworld by Virgil and it is there that they reside, tormenting evildoers and sinners. However, Greek poets saw them as pursuing sinners on Earth. The Furies are cruel, but are also renowned for being very fair.
Term
Chiron
Definition
[image]
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