Created National Parks

Likes to hunt

First National Park Refuge: Pelican Island

prevented eggers

National Autobahn Society

Glacier Park

Conservationist (cut down then replant)

National Forests

Yosemite

Redwood

Preservationist (set it aside and keep it intact)

Philosophy adopted by the National Parks

Huge National Reservation

in NW Arizona

Florida National Wildlife Refuge

Dustbowl Political Cartoonist

Ended Interstate wildlife transportation

Couldn't ship across state lines

Therefore ended market hunting

Stopped importing foreign wildlife

Concerned with Waterfowl

Canada, U.S., Mexico got together

Protected the elimination of certain bird species

Russia and Japan adopted similar principle

Promote wildlife

Built trails for National Parks and Facilities

(During the Depression)

Civilian Conservation Corporation

and

Soil Conservation Corporation

(1934-35) 

Tax Sporting arms and ammunition

Money to Support these agencies

Collected by Federal Government and distributed

Funds can only be used for wildlife stuff

Wildlife Restoration Act

Pittman-Robertson Act

(1937)

Taxes Fishing gear

All ready built-in tax

Space

area used by individual or group

Defended

where an individual or group wanders

Not Defended

Often considered the most important Habitat

Swamp Land Acts

Hydric Soils and Water Logged Soils

Long Narrow Shape Habitat

more edges

Allowed farmers to plow the mangled grass

Used to turn land into cattle raising land (bad for ecology)

Hunting for Game

Sometimes only for the hyde

Land set aside

Walking/Hiking/Fishing/Hunting are okay 

but not okay in National Parks

Recovered Endangered Species

Limited and Prevented take

Washburn Langford Doane Expedition

Animal protection

Wanted to shoot good animals and exterminate bad animals

Culling of elk and bison

trade of hats with big feathers

collect egret feathers

Father of Wildlife Biology

Started Wildlife School

The Wildlife Society

Developed Land Ethics and Principles of Wildlife Management

Wrote "Sand County Almanac"

Developed by Aldo Leopold

Restoration of Wildlife 

Game Management

Author of "Silent Spring"

Nature Writer

Place where selenium was found in central california

Polluted water and deformed birds

One of Three Greatest Dangers to Wildlife

taking too much of the animal

One of Three Greatest Dangers to Wildlife

some of the pollutants are elements

you cant get rid of them

One of Three Greatest Dangers to Wildlife

once habitat is gone, species is gone

Most Ecosystems are adapted to limited nutrients

how an animal functions in a habitat

several species can coexist

evolutionary centers for various species in the world

basically 6 of them

pathways to connect different habitats with each other

solution to fragmentation

also known as a wildfire

difficult to stop

nutrients violated

extensive area

results from a built up fuel load

old forest

controlled

light fuel loads

natural

nutrients returned to soil

destroying the banks

stone wall to prevent streams from coming in

part of channelization

loses species diversity 

Diversity of Habitat: moderate

Forest Quality: good

Wildlife (# of animal species): good

removal of quality forage and cover

destruction of Riparian areas and seeps

compaction

erosion

Overexploitation

Habitat Destruction

Poisons and Pollution

animals come to gether

animals adapt to edges

most animals need variety

wildlife increases