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WHZ Chapter 18 The Cold War
Chapter 18 The Cold War
47
History
9th Grade
04/13/2009

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Term
Superpowers
Definition
nations stronger than other powerful nations
Term
anti-ballistic missiles
Definition
missiles that could shoot down other missiles form hostile countries
Term
Ronald Reagan
Definition
1980's US President who launched a program to build a "Star Wars" missile defense against nuclear attack
Term
detente
Definition
period of relaxation of tensions due to arms control agreements
Term
comprised
Definition
made up of
Term
Fidel Castro
Definition
in 1950's this guerilla leader led an armed rebellion in Cuba called the Cuban Revolution and has been the leader since.
Term
John F. Kennedy
Definition
In 1961, US President who attempted to bring down the communist regime in Cuba in an invasion known as the Bay of Pigs.
Term
ideology
Definition
value system and beliefs
Term
Nikita Krushchev
Definition
Soviet leader from 1953 to mid 1960's
Term
Leonid Breznev
Definition
Soviet leader, Krushchev's successor, from mid 1960's to 1982
Term
containment
Definition
containing communism within its existing boundaries and keeping it from spreading
Term
recession
Definition
period of reduced economic activity
Term
suburbanization
Definition
the movement to built-up areas outside of central cities
Term
prospered
Definition
To be fortunate or successful
Term
segregation
Definition
forced separation by race, sex, religion or ethnicity
Term
discrimination
Definition
unequal treatment or barriers
Term
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Definition
an African-American clergyman who advocated social change through non-violent means
Term
Konrad Adenauer
Definition
German; Chancellor of Federal Republic of Germany 1949 – 63, chief mayor of Cologne 1917 – 33
Term
welfare state
Definition
a country with a market economy but with increased government responsibility for the social and economic needs of its people
Term
European Community
Definition
an international organization dedicated to establishing free trade among its European member nations
Term
Gross domestic product
Definition
the total value of all goods and services produced in a nation within a particular year
Term
collectivization
Definition
the forced joining together of workers and property into collectives, such as rural collectives that absorb peasants and their land
Term
Great Leap Forward
Definition
a Chinese Communist program from 1958 to 1960 to boost farm and industrial output that failed miserably
Term
communes
Definition
commonly owned and operated farms or communities
Term
Cultural Revolution
Definition
a Chinese Communist program in the late 1960's to purge China of non-revolutionary tendencies that caused economic and social damage
Term
38th parallel
Definition
The latitudinal line that approximately forms the boundary between North Korea and South Korea
Term
Kim II Sung
Definition
Longtime "Great Leader" of North Korea
Term
Syngman Rhee
Definition
a leader in Korean independence movements. He was elected the first president of the Republic of Korea in 1948. His government was overthrown in 1960.
Term
Pusan Perimeter
Definition
a defensive line around the city of Pusan, in the southeast corner of Korea, held by South Korean and United Nations forces
Term
demilitarized zone
Definition
A defined area in which the stationing or concentrating of military forces
Term
guerrillas
Definition
soldiers in a loosely organized force making surprise raids
Term
Ho Chi Minh
Definition
Communist leader of North Vietnam, 1945-69 . "Uncle Ho," the symbol of the communists' willingness to sacrifice and to endure a war of attrition
Term
Dienbienphu
Definition
N. Vietnam town and former French army base, site of battle that secured North Vietnam's independence
Term
domino theory
Definition
the belief that a communist victory in South Vietnam would cause noncommunist governments across Southeast Asia to fail to communism, like a row of communism, like row of dominoes
Term
Viet Cong
Definition
A Vietnamese belonging to or supporting the National Liberation Front of the nation formerly named South Vietnam
Term
Tet Offensive
Definition
a massive and bloody offensive by communist guerrillas against South Vietnamese and American forces on Tet
Term
terminate
Definition
finish, bring to an end
Term
Khmer Rouge
Definition
a political movement and a force of Cambodian communist guerillas that gained power in Cambodia in 1975
Term
Pol Pot
Definition
Ruthless Cambodian communist leader
Term
incentive
Definition
something that encourages a person to take action or work harder
Term
mujahedin
Definition
Muslim religious warriors
Term
Mikhail Gorbachev
Definition
Soviet statesman, and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Term
perestroika
Definition
"restructuring" in Russian; Soviet policy of democratic and free market reforms
Term
Lech Walesa
Definition
Trade union activist who became president of Poland
Term
Solidarity
Definition
Polish labor union and democracy movement
Term
Vaclav Havel
Definition
First president of the Czech Republic
Term
Nicolae Ceausescu
Definition
Romanian leader whose attempts to fuse nationalism and communism resulted in such a brutal dictatorship that the Romanians overthrew his regime.
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