Term
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Definition
| English Naturalist who voyages to the Galapagos Islands. |
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Term
| What did Charles Darwin publish? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Charles Darwin's belief? |
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Definition
| *Today's organisms descended from ancestral species. Natural selection provodes a mechanism for evolutionary change in populations. |
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Term
| Who was Alfred Wallace and what did he do/believe? |
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Definition
English Naturalist who wrote to Darwin ni 1858 and described a hypothesis of evolution by natural selection.
**he was the catalyst for Darwin to publish what he had found out** |
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Term
| What are Inheritance Acquired Characteristics? |
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Definition
| Lamark's belief that organisms become adapted to their environment during their lifetime and pass these adaptations to their offspring. |
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Term
| What is Natural Selection? |
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Definition
| Darwin's belief that traits (phenotype) are naturally selected for or against and then are passed on through genotype. |
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Term
| What is point #1 of the Theory of Evolution? |
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Definition
| Variation exists within the genes of every population/species |
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Term
| What is point #2 of the Theory of Evolution? |
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Definition
| In a particular environment, some individuals of a population/species are better suited to survive and reproduce |
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Term
| What is point #3 of the Theory of Evolutuion? |
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Definition
| Over time, surviving traits tend to increase in that population. |
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Term
| What is point #4 of the Theory of Evolution? |
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Definition
| There is clear proof from fossils and many other sources that living species evolved from organisms that are now extinct. |
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Term
| Organisms' ____________ (features) have been shaped by the environments in which they live. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are evolutionary adaptations? |
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Definition
| Characteristics caused by mutations that are retained and passed on to futre offspring. |
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Term
| What are some types of adaptations? (3) |
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Definition
| Structural, Physiological, Behavioral |
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Term
| Example of structural adaptation |
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Definition
| Deer antlers porcupine quills, rattlesnake venomous glands, camouflage |
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Term
| Examples of Physiological adaptations |
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Definition
| Reduction of the flow of warm blood to the skin in response to cold water |
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Term
| Examples of Behavioral Adaptations |
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Definition
| Cat arching its back, owl ruffling its feathers |
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Term
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Definition
| Change in SPECIES over time, how new species arise |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in genes/alleles WITHIN a population |
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Term
| What types of evidence do biologists use to support the Theory of Evolution. |
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Definition
| Fossil Record, embryology, anatomy, molecular biology, biogeography |
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Term
| What provides the best evidence for evolution? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the remains or traces of past life, usually preserved in sedimentary rock. |
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Term
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Definition
| skeletons, shells, seeds, insects trapped in amber, and imprints of leaves |
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Term
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Definition
| The age of one rock layer, or fossil, in comparison with another. |
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Term
| Rock layers close to the Earth's surface are _________ than those farther down. |
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Definition
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Term
| The layer closest to the _________ is the oldest. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Radiometric Dating (Absolute Dating)? |
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Definition
| A method that uses radioactive isotopes (Carbon) in rocks or fossils to find actuals ages of fossils |
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Term
| What provides the only actual record of evolutionary change over geological time? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some roles of Fossil Records? |
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Definition
| Provides data on the timing of evolutuionary origins, shows mass extinctions to be a major cause of change, provides info. on rates of evolution |
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Term
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Definition
| A family tree created from a fossil record. |
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Term
| What are some characteristics of the Precambrian Era? |
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Definition
| Accounts for 87% of Earth's history, only unicellular prokaryotes in the beginning |
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Term
| What are some characteristics of the Paleozoic era? |
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Definition
| Cambrian Explosion:enormous increase in diversity of life forms:fish, reptiles, fernes, 4-legged animals. Largest mass extinction marked the end of this era. |
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Term
| What are some characteristic of the Mesozoic Era? |
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Definition
| Mammals appear, dinosaurs appear, first flowering plants,mass extinction or species,continental drift. |
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Term
| What are some characteristics of the Cenozoic Era "Age of Mammals" |
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Definition
| Primates: 30 million years ago. Modern human: 200,000 years ago |
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Term
| What is continental drift? |
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Definition
| The movement of Earth's land masses over geologic time. |
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Term
| Which era are we currently in? |
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Definition
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