Term
| Sources of MonoUnsaturated fats |
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Definition
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Term
| Post-Absorptive State of Digestion |
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Definition
-4-15.9 hours after food intake
-Plasma Levels Decrease
-Glucagon Increases |
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Term
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Definition
-Individuals genetically predisposed to "energy efficiency"
-Tend to survive Famine
-With no Famine, these people gain weight, accumulate abd fat around vital organs and develop insulin resistance
-thus a higher risk for DM |
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Term
Central Obesity
Pathophysiology |
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Definition
-Abd fat has more capillaries thus is more metabolically active than SQ fat, thus increases flux of FFA.
-In the Liver, FFA's cause insulin resistance.
-FFA can be used as a fuel source, thus raising BS |
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Term
Central Obesity
Risk Factors |
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Definition
-Men: Waist circumference >40"
-Women: Waist circumference >35" |
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Term
Fuel Homeostasis
Phase 1: Fed State |
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Definition
-0-3.9 hours after meal
-Most glucose is from exogenous source
-Plasma insulin levels increase
-Glucagon levels Decrease
-Triglycerides synthesized
-Insulin inhibits breakdown of glycogen and TG reservoirs
-Brain and other organs use absorbed glucose w/ excess stored in Hepatic, Muscle, Adipose and other tissue reservoirs. |
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Term
Fuel Homeostasis
Phase 2: Post-Absorptive State |
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Definition
-4-15.9 hours post meal
-BS comes from glycogen breakdown and hepatic gluconeogenesis
-Plasma insulin levels lower
-Glucagon Levels increase
-Energy storage (anabolism) ends and energy production (catabolism) begins
-Carb and Lipid stores mobilized.
-Hepatic glycogen breakdown maintains BS for brain and tissues.
-Adipocyte TG break into FFA in blood as primary energy source- except Brain Uses BS for fuel |
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Term
Fuel Homeostasis
Phase 3: Early Starvation State |
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Definition
-16-47.9 hours post meal
-BG comes from hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
-Insulin secretion is suppressed
-Counter regulatory hormone (Glucagon, Cortisol, Growth Hormone, Epinephrine) secretion is stimulated |
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Term
Fuel Homeostasis
Phase 4: Preliminary Prolonged Starvation State |
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Definition
-48hrs-23.9 days
-BS comes from hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis.
-By 60 hours of starvation, insulin secretion is markedly suppressed and counterregulatory hormone (Glucagon), Cortisol, Growth Hormone, and Epinephrine secretion is stimulated |
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Term
Fuel Homeostasis
Phase 5: Secondary Prolonged Starvation State |
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Definition
-24-40 days after meal
-BS Originates from hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis as in Phase 4.
-The rate of glucose being used by the brain diminishes as does the rate of hepatic gluconeogenesis. |
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Term
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Definition
1: FED state (0-3.9 hours post PO)
2: Post Absorptive State (4-15.9hr)
3: Early Starvation State (16-47.9hr)
4: Preliminary Prolonged Starvation State (48hr-23.9 days)
5: Secondary Prolonged Starvation State (24-40 days) |
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