Term
| A 23-year old soccer player presents with a painful knee after injuring it in a game. On examination, the joint is swollen and there is increased anterior translation of the tibia in the partially flexed knee. MRI confirms damage to this intra-articular structure. |
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Definition
| Anterior Cruciate Ligament Damage |
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Term
| A 47-year old male presents with recurrent pain in the left knee. He has a history of hyperparathyroidism. On examination, there is slight swelling of the knee joint with tenderness on flexion. CMP shows elevated serum calcium. X-ray of the knee joint shows linear intra-articular calcification. Aspirated joint synovial fluid examination under polarized light reveals numerous rhomboid positively birefringent crystals. |
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Definition
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Term
| A 53-year old male presents with recurrent knee pain. There is no antecedent trauma. On examination, the knee joint is swollen, warm and tender with decreased flexion. Aspirated joint synovial fluid examination under polarized light shows negatively birefringent crystals. |
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Definition
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Term
| A 9-year old child presents with a painful swollen knee joint after trivial trauma. On examination, the joint is swollen, tender and discolored. Examination of aspirated joint fluid reveals blood. Blood test shows a lack of Factor VIII. |
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Definition
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Term
| A 19 year football player complains of pain over the lateral aspect of the knee. On examination, Ober’s test is positive. What is the diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 16-year old teen presents with a painful knee after an illegal soccer tackle. On examination, varus stress causes an aggravation of the pain. |
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Definition
| Lateral Collateral Ligament Injury |
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Term
| A 23-year old quarterback presents with knee pain following a rough game yesterday. On examination, the affected knee is swollen. External and internal rotation of the flexed affected knee is painful. MRI confirms the tear in this structure. |
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Definition
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Term
| A 23-year old volleyball player presents with pain over the medial aspect of the left knee. On examination, valgus stress aggravates the pain. |
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Definition
| Medial Collateral Ligament Injury |
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Term
| A 20-year old twists her knee and presents a painful swollen joint. On examination, extension and external rotation of the flexed knee reproduces the pain. |
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Definition
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Term
| A 15-year old teen complains of pain below his right knee when he plays basketball and not baseball. On examination, there is tenderness and a prominent tibial tuberosity. |
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Definition
| Osgood Schlatter’s Disease |
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Term
| An overweight 67-year old female complains of knee pain that is worse while walking and better when she rests. The joint is stiff in the morning but it only last 20 minutes or less. On examination there is marked crepitus on flexion and extension of the joint. X-ray of the knee show narrowing of the joint space, subchondral sclerosis and osteophyte formations more so on the medial aspect of the joint. What is the diagnosis? |
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Definition
| Osteoarthritis of the knee |
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Term
| A 35-year old tennis player presents with a painful swollen knee. On examination, there is a positive posterior drawer sign. MRI confirms a tear in this structure. |
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Definition
| Posterior Cruciate Ligament Damage |
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