1. Love and pursuit of wisdom by intellectual means and moral self-discipline.
2. Investigation of the nature, causes, or principles of reality, knowledge, or values, based on logical reasoning rather than empirical methods.

Wilheim Wundt

Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. Introspection forms no essential part of its methods, nor is the scientific value of its data dependent upon the readiness with which they lend themselves to interpretation in terms of consciousness. The behaviorist, in his efforts to get a unitary scheme of animal response, recognizes no dividing line between man and brute. The behavior of man, with all of its refinement and complexity, forms only a part of the behaviorist's total scheme of investigation

Instropectionist 

Controlled conditions 

Structuralism 

Empirical research 

Qualitative and Quantitative 

- Instrpectionist: look through inside

- Controlled conditions: under experiment 

- Structuralism: method of anylyzing phenomena 

- Empirical research: looking through more widely than science research 

- Qualitative and quantitative: how you feel/number

Mean

Standard deviation 

Mode 

Median 

- Mean: average 

- Standard deviation: variation from the mean or expected value 

- Mode: most common result 

- Median: central result 

Variables

Extraneous 

Participant 

Situational 

Context-stripping 

- Variables: 

- Extraneous: a variable other than the independent or dependent, a variable that may affect the result

- Participant: ages, genders, languages 

- Situation: 

- Context-stripping: to study somthing in its pure form 

Value free

Manipulate 

Independent variable (IV) 

Dependent variable  

- Value free: no bios form experiments 

- Manipulate: to change something

- Independent variable: in our case study, lying or truth telling (the one manipulate)

- Dependent variable: the behavior, the one effective 

Cognitive 
Behavior  

Emotion 

Sample 

Participant 

- Cognitive: thinking 

- Behavior: react, action 

- Emotion: feeling

- Sample: pg 10, table 1 & 2 in textbook 

- Participant: person in study 

Population 

Target population

Representation 

Correlation 

- Population: a group of some sort 

- Target population: a subsection of a population 

- Representation: the chosen sample should represent the target porpulation, this allows fiding to be generalised  

- Correlation: how result relate 

Bios 

Hypothesis 

Polygraph 

Deception 

Gaze awersion 

- Bios: the feeling toward something 

- Hypothesis: a proposed - explanation phenomina (event) [gia thuyet] 

- Polygraph: lie detector 

- Deception: lying 

- Gaze awersion: [nhin cham cham mot cach ac cam] 

Coder 

Negligible consequence

Spotaneously 

Cognitive load 

- Coder: person who made code 

- Negligible consequence: something good or bad or nothing happens 

- Spontaneously: right now 

- Cognitive load: how much thinking 

Behavioral control 

Illustrators 

Self-manipulations

Speech-disturbances 

pauses

Eye blink suppression 

Motivational impairment effect 

- Behavioral control: ability controlling behavior 

- Illustrators: hand movement add information into speaking 

- Self-manipulations: ậm ừ 

- Speech-disturbances pauses: stop in the phrase (less = truth; more = lie) 

- Eye blink suppression: blinking less (less = lie; more = truth) 

- Motivational impairment effect 

The Science of our Brain

The right sidev (creative, activity) of the brain is known more for its free thinking, imagination or visually constructed images. It is also responsible for constructing audio memory and memory of feelings, if a person is actively using this side in conversation then it would indicate that they are trying to create a memoryor answer, instead of really having a true memory for what they are saying.

Visually Constructed Images

When the eyes roll up and to the right this indicates that we are trying to construct an image of something;

Constructed Audio Memory

When the eyes are right facing the ear it’s said we are trying to construct audio sounds like;

• Creating your own symphony?
• Or making up a rap song?
• Maybe trying to imagine what your mum would sound like singing underwater?

For example if you were asked why was your phone engaged for an hour? And had answered, “Oh I was talking to my best friend he had just broken up with his girlfriend”. It would indicate that you were probably trying to be dishonest!

Kinaesthetic/Constructed Emotional Memory

When the eyes revert down and to the right we are said to be trying to construct an emotional memory or simply trying to imagine what it feels like;

• Try to imagine how it would feel to win the jackpot in the lottery? (Obviously for those that have never won).
• Or how it would feel to walk on the planet Mars?
• But if you were ask to tell someone if you really loved them? This response would indicate that you were probably lying!

Visually Recalled Memory

When the eyes are up and to the left it is said we are using the visually recalled memory or simply actual memory, the stuff we really do remember like;

• What colour is your front door?
• What your car looks like?
• What dress your partner had worn the night before?

But if someone was asked did you stay at home last night? And they replied yes I did, and then this would be an indicator that they were probably telling the truth.

Audio Recalled Memory

When the eyes are to the left and looking to the ear, it is said that we are accessing our audio recalled memory or simply actual audio memory the sounds we do remember like;

• What your mother’s voice sounds like?
• Or reciting your national anthem?
• Or again recognising the sound of a car breaking some distance away?

For example if you were asked to convey a telephone message to someone? And replied with this response it would be an indicator that you were probably telling the truth.

Actual Emotional Memory

When the eyes revert down and to the left it is said we are using actual emotional memory simply put, the emotions that we have really experienced like;

• Joy, happiness, fear or love?
• How you felt when you passed your driving test?
• How cold the snow is to touch in winter?

For example if you were asked to explain how much you love your partner? And you replied with this response, it would be an indicator that you were probably telling the truth.