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Western Civilization
The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Dissolution
31
History
Undergraduate 1
10/30/2006

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Term
Black Death
Definition
the bubonic plague. A disease that was carried by fleas on black rats.
Term
The Peasants Revolt
Definition
lasted five bloody years
Term
the Jacquerie
Definition
a peasant uprising
Term
John Ball
Definition
claimed to be a priest
Term
the wage earners of Florence, the weavers of Ghent, and the poor of Paris
Definition
were involved in rebellions
Term
The Hundred Years War
Definition
Between France and England
Term
Battles of Crecy and Poitiers
Definition
the english inflicted terrible defeats on French knights at these battles
Term
Battle of Agincourt
Definition
won by the English under Henry V during the Hundred Years War
Term
Joan of Arc
Definition
helped rescue France. She believed that God had commanded her to drive the English out of France.
Term
Pope Boniface VIII
Definition
strongly upheld papal claims to supremacy over secular rulers. He wrote Unam Sanctam and Clericis Laicos. He engaged in conflict between Philip IV of France.
Term
Phikip IV of France
Definition
taxed the church in his land to raise revenue to war. This was opposed by Pope Boniface VIII
Term
Anagni
Definition
a papal summer palace
Term
Benedict XI and Clement V
Definition
Boniface's two successors
Term
Avignon
Definition
a town on the southeastern French frontier. Popes lived luciously here.
Term
The Babylonian Captivity
Definition
during this time the popes wer all French and resided in Avignon, not Rome.
Term
Giles of Rome
Definition
wrote On Ecclesiastical Power. He vigorously supported the doctrine of papal power.
Term
Marsiglio of Padua
Definition
wrote The Defender of Peace. He held that the state ran according to principles that had nothing to do with religous commnads originating in a higher realm.
Term
Pope Gregory XI
Definition
returned the papacy to Rome
Term
Great Schism
Definition
Urban VI was a horrible pope, so Clement VII was elected. But Urban would not back down so there were two popes. Then the Council of Pisa desposed of both Urban and Clement and elected a new pope.
Term
Council in Constance
Definition
it resulted in all three of the popes leaving office
Term
The Conciliar Movement
Definition
advocated councils in the clergy
Term
Pope Pius II
Definition
condemned the Conciliar Movement as heretical
Term
John Wycliffe
Definition
He believed the clergy were not needed in order for people to have a relationship with God
Term
Jan Hus
Definition
a Czech who advocated translations of the bible for common people
Term
Duns Scotus
Definition
a Scottish Franciscan who held that human reason cannot prove beliefs about God like that he rewards the righteous and punishes the wicked
Term
William of Ockham
Definition
siad that natural reason could not prove God's existence
Term
Ernst Cassirer
Definition
a historian-philosopher
Term
Roger Bacon
Definition
described seven coverings of the eye and then concluded taht God had fashioned the eye in this manner in order to express the seven gifts of the spirit
Term
John of Salisbury
Definition
regarded people as "inferior" and "superior"
Term
J.H. Randall, Jr.
Definition
a historian
Term
Treaty of Troyes
Definition
an English treaty that said the French daughter of Charles VI would marryh the English ruler Henry V
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