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| Athenian tyrant who was given his status to help deal with socio-economic crisis' in Athens. Made the Draconian Law-cut back on nobility's power |
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Athenian tyrant elected to power due to the agragarian crisis. He cancelled farmers debts and restored citizenship to those made slaves. His constitution structured Athens into:
400 member council, a general assembly, and public courts of law
Citizens divided into 4 classes based on agricultural yields (wealthiest could be elected as archons to the council of 400, lowest-thetes, could participate in general assembly and lower courts but couldn't hold public office) |
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| dictator who gained control of Athens, won support of people through public works and expanding the agara. he kept solon's constitution in place but enacted new religious celebrations (festival for dionysus) |
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| came into power of Athens and restructured society- replaced the aristocrats who ruled the council with demes (townships of people), he gave political authority to the assembly (which was all males citizens) |
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| Persian king who expanded persian empire into greece and gained control of anatolia |
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| persian king who was defeated by the greeks in the battle of salamis |
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| Athenian general who formed the Delian league, built the parthenon,transferred judicial powers to the people's courts, gave political power to the poor who had helped in the battle of salamis, allowed greece to enter its golden age and achieve complete democracy |
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greek poet
Theogory-tells about birth of gods
Works and Days-tells about life of a farmer |
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| greek poet who devised a new poetic form of writing lyrics, short poems with themes that describe a certain human experience |
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| greek poet known for his poetic odes of victory for atheletic contests |
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greek tragedy actor and playwright whose works had religious themes and a focus of hubris (exaggerated self confidence or pride that makes individuals have divine punishment)
Plays: The Persians, The Orestera Trilogy, Prometheus Bound |
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Greek tragedy actor and playwright
Wrote Oedipus Rex (greatest tragedy written-he kills his father and marries his mother and then he blinds himself and goes into exile) and Antigone |
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greek tragedy playwright whose works lacked religious/moral concerns-focused more on inner motives-he was unconventional (portrayed woman as strong, slaves as smart, etc
Plays: Medea (murders her children) |
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well known greek comedy writer-made fun of Athenians and expose the foolishness of the Peloponnesians wars
Plays: The Archarnains, Lysistrata |
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| "father of history"-greek-wrote an account of conflict between greeks and persians-also called father of lies cuz ppl questioned truthfulness of his narratives-he was the first to separate civilization into an east and west |
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| greek historian-recounted the peloponnesian wars impartially-interviewed people from both sides |
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| earliest known pre-socratic philosopher who believed that water was the universal substance behind all things |
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| early greek philosopher who theorized that physical objects were made of atoms |
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| philosopher that said math could be used to describe all reality. |
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| greek philosopher-1st in western world to create a forceful philosophical system and was worried with the universality of change. He presented fire as a basic substance. he noted that we can't step in the same river twice |
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| Father of Medicine-greek physician who rejected beliefs that supernatural forces inflicted illness. Showed relation between health and hygiene, diet, and environment. Made the Hippocrates Oath (ethics of medical practice) |
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| greek philosoper-laid foundation for western philosophy-thought knowledge was gained from divine dispensation rather than instruction. Was unpopular cuz he praised the spartans but condemed Athens for their attempts at glory and fame. Made the Socratic Method-answering a ? with a ?-method to help an individual find the extent of their knowledge and underlying beliefs and morals |
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| student of socrates-wrote the Dialogues-he was against democracy. made the theory of ideas-higher realm that exists beyond the material |
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| Plato's student-unlike Plato he thought philosophy dealt with the science of the universal essence of that which is actual. thought all substances were composed of matter. Thought that moderation was preferred over extreme behavior. He founded a school in Athens called Lyceum. He opposed democracy. Alexander the great was one of his students. |
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| greek sculptor hired by Pericles to design the statue of Athena inside the parthenon |
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| established the Macedonian empire and extended it the the Near East. He won over the spartans at the Battle of Chaerona and was able to unify all of Greece. Made the League of Corinth. |
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| Son of King Phillip II who became king of the Macedonian Empire. He's remembered for his conquest of Persia and the creation of the largest empire in the world up to that point in history. after his death the empire split into 3 kingdoms |
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| father of geometry-wrote the book Elements |
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| developed a tool called an astrolable that was used to make observations about celestial bodies |
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| calculated the circumference of the earth |
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| made a heliocentric theory that the earth revolves around the sun. this was rejected by aristotles who preferred a geocentric theory |
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| advances in mechanics like the hand cranked pumps and more efficient pulley and lever systems |
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