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| (1167-1227) Title taken by Mongol chief meaning "The Oceanic Ruler." Began dynasty that conquered much of southern Asia |
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| Islands off the western coast of Africa conquered by Portugal and Spain in the mid 1400s. Used to supply expeditions around the African coast and across the Atlantic. |
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| Spanish term for "conqueror." applied to European leaders of campaigns against indigenous peoples in central and southern America. |
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| (1254-1324) Venetian merchant who traveled through Asia for twent years and published his observations in a widely read memoir, "Travels." |
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| Sailing vessel suited for nosing in and out of estuaries and navigating in waters with unpredictable currents and winds. |
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| (1336-1405) Mongol ruler who was the last leader of the Khans' south Asian empire. Also know as Tamerlame. |
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| An ancient navigational instrument, thought to have been invented in 150 BCE that was used to find latitude while at sea. |
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| Native American people of central Mexico; their empire was conquered by the Spanish in the sixteenth century. |
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| Corps of enslaved soldiers recruited as children from the Christian provinces of the Ottoman empire and brought up with intense loyalty to the Ottoman state and its sultan. The sultan used the forces to curb local autonomy and to serve as his personal bodyguards. |
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| Prince Henry the Navigator |
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| (1349-1460) Portuguese noble who encouraged conquest of western Africa and trade in gold and slaves. |
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