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Western Civ. Final vocab
vocab
69
History
9th Grade
12/17/2012

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Term
polis
Definition
city-state
Term
democracy
Definition
gov. by the people (birthplace athens
Term
oligarchy
Definition
rule by few
Term
patrician
Definition
romes ruling class; wealthy landowners
Term
plebians
Definition
farmers, artisans, merchants, less wealthy landowners
Term
homer
Definition
blind, wrrote illiad
Term
socrates
Definition
socratic method Q A format, a persons ability to reason; unexamined life not worth living
Term
Plato
Definition
wrote "the republic" couldnt achieve good life lived in a just and rational state. ideal state: 3 basic classes
Term
aristotle
Definition
effective form of gov. favored : constitutional (similar to plato in beliefs)
Term
sparta
Definition
military city state
Term
olympic games 776 B.C
Definition
the year the games were started : dedicated to Zeus.
Term
Julius Ceasar
Definition
defeated the forces of pompey during civil war; killed on senate floor by Brudice other senates.
Term
cuneiform
Definition
wedge-shaped writing by sumerians
Term
dynasty
Definition
family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on w/in family
Term
hieroglyphics
Definition
egyptian form of writing found on walls of tombs temples
Term
monotheistic
Definition
belief in one god
Term
prehistory
Definition
period before written records
Term
mesopotamia
Definition
"land between the rivers" between tigris euphrates rivers.
Term
stone age
Definition
period when they used simple stone tools weapons
Term
nomads
Definition
people who move from place to place
Term
irrigation
Definition
artificial application of water to land/soil
Term
bronze/copper
Definition
bronze= stronger than copper tin (make bronze)
Term
nile
Definition
along egyptian civilization developed
Term
mummification
Definition
preserving of dead bodies
Term
moses
Definition
led israelites (ten commandments)
Term
pharaoh
Definition
egyptian ruler/king
Term
empire
Definition
country that rules other countries
Term
polytheistic
Definition
belief in many gods
Term
Muhammad
Definition
founder of religion of islam; prophet
Term
Mecca
Definition
birthplace of Muhammad; make pilgrimmage there at least once in lifetime
Term
Medina
Definition
where muhammad fled(becomes religious political leader of medina)
Term
damascus
Definition
capital of the arab empire in syria
Term
Baghdad
Definition
capital of the Abbasid dynasty
Term
abbasids
Definition
made baghdad capital
Term
Saladin
Definition
recaptures jerusalem, leader of muslim army
Term
allah
Definition
muslim god (islam)
Term
Charlemagne
Definition
founded carolingian empire; crowned emperor on x-mas day by pope
Term
william of normandy
Definition
defeated king harold @ battle of hastings 1066 A.D.
Term
Justinian
Definition
codified roman law
Term
islam
Definition
means peace through the submission to the will of Allah
Term
caliph
Definition
leader of islamic community; secular leder
Term
Mosque
Definition
Muslim houses of worship
Term
Feudalism
Definition
Political and social system
Term
Vassal
Definition
A man who served a lord in a military capacity
Term
Fief
Definition
The grant of land made to a vassal
Term
Common law
Definition
Applied equally to everyone
(Henry II)
Term
Magna carta
Definition
The great charter that limited the power of monarchs in england signed by king john
Term
Crusades
Definition
Military expeditions made by europeans to recover the holy land from Muslims
Term
Serf
Definition
Free peasants bound to the land
Term
The black death
Definition
Bubonic plague swept through europe in 14th century
Term
Five pillars
Definition
Duties on how to be a good muslim
Term
Quran
Definition
Muslim holy book
Term
Manorialism
Definition
Comes about b/c of weak gov. -> political system
Term
Hundred years war
Definition
Lasted about 116 years
Term
The lord
Definition
In charge of a manner
Term
Bourgeoisie
Definition
Merchants artisans
Term
Catholic reformation
Definition
Reform catholic faith
Term
Christian humanism
Definition
Main goal was to reform the catholic church by reforming the individual people in it
Term
Indulgence
Definition
Ticket to heaven
Term
Leonardo da vinci
Definition
Created Mona lisa ; painter, sculptor, scientist, mathematician, in renaissance
Term
Niccolo machiaveli
Definition
Wrote "the prince" abandoned morality ; how to gain keep power
Term
Michelangelo
Definition
Built sistine chapel; painter, sculptor, architect during high renaissance
Term
Martin luther
Definition
Began protestant reformation in early 16th century , wrote 95 thesis
Term
Desiderius erasmus
Definition
Best known christian humanist
Term
John calvin
Definition
Protestant reformer; calvinism; believes in predestination; geneva, switzerland
Term
Henry VIII
Definition
Protestant reformer of england; wants son; wants marriage annuled; breaks away from catholic church, becomes head of anglican church
Term
Castiglione
Definition
How a noble should act book of "cortier"
Term
St. Patrick
Definition
A missionary to ireland
Term
christopher columbia
Definition
sailed for spain sailed west to reach asia, he landed in central america.
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