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Western Civ. Final Notecards
These are ONLY the notecards on the sheet that I do not have on the other sets!
43
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9th Grade
05/27/2010

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Term
baroque
Definition
are paintings that are huge colorful, and full of excitement. these glorified battle or the lives of saints.
Term
oligarchy
Definition
a government where the ruling power belongs to multiple people.
Term
laissez faire
Definition
allowing business to run without the interference of the government.
Term
salon
Definition
were social gatherings of the most famous writers, musicians, artists, and philosophes. The middle class would hold these and take this as an opportunity to meet with the upper class on equal footing.
Term
social contract
Definition
was an agreement that people agreed to that said that they woul give up their freedom for an organized society. Hobbes believed that.
Term
Voltaire
Definition
was one of the most famous philosophes who trageted corrupt officials and idle aristocrates. his words offended both the French gov. and the church. he was locked up for his writings
Term
Adam Smith
Definition
was a Scottish economist who fvored lassiez faire. he wrote the book The Wealth of Nations. he still thought that the government should protect society and provide public works though.
Term
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Definition
was a philosophe who believed that people in their natural state were good. he thought that they were corrupted by society. he wrote The Social Contract.
Term
Baron de Montesquieu
Definition
was a philosophe who did not like absolute monarchy. he published The Spirit of the Laws. in this, he discussed the different governments. He felt that it would be best to have a government with three different branches that would check each other's powers.
Term
reason
Definition
thinking logically.
Term
Tory Party
Definition
was a party in England who spoke for the nobles landowners and other people whose interests were in agriculture.
Term
Declaration of Independence.
Definition
was America's independence document. This was written by Thomas Jefferson.
Term
Clemens von Metternich
Definition
was a participant in the Congress of Vienna He wanted things back to the way they were in 1792, before Napoleon took control.
Term
Olympe de Gouges
Definition
was a journalist during the French Revolution she demanded equal rights when she wrote "The Declaration Of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen" this was largely ignored by the public.
Term
blockade
Definition
is when ships cut off the flow of necessary supplies to a country.
Term
nationalism
Definition
is the feeling of pride in one's country.
Term
Napoleon's conquests
Definition
Term
factories
Definition
were places where products are made this is the start of industrialization.
Term
John Stuart Mill
Definition
was a British economist and philosopher who was inspired by Bentham's ideas He wanted the government to help the harsh lives of the working class. he also wanted to give voting rights to workers and women.
Term
Jethro Tull
Definition
was the person who invented the seed drill, which distributed seeds evenly around the field.
Term
steam engine
Definition
was an invention that powered a locomotive by steam power. this was invented by Thomas Newcomen.
Term
Agricultural Revolution
Definition
was when agricultural machines were being built. the increase in food and requiring less people on farms that it had started the Industrial Revolution.
Term
textile industry
Definition
was the industry of cloth and thread. this was one of the first to industrialize.
Term
middle class
Definition
Term
cartel
Definition
Term
coporation
Definition
is a business which that are owned by many different investors. this is possible because of the selling of shock.
Term
impressionism
Definition
is an art that focuses on the first fleeting impression of an object. it was in the 1870's when this became popular.
Term
interchangeable parts
Definition
are identical components that could be used in place of one another. this were popular in the time of industrialization.
Term
social gospel
Definition
was a movenment that urged Christians to do social services.
Term
assembly line
Definition
was a way of putting something together in the Industrial Revolution. This involves one person to put only one part on. this moved the process along much faster than before.
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
is taking Darwin's idea of survival of the fittest and applying it to humanity.
Term
suffrage
Definition
the right to vote
Term
germ theory
Definition
was the theory that certain microbes caused specific infectious diseases. in 1870, Louis Pasteur proved it.
Term
sewage system
Definition
was a system of sewers in the cities. This system made the cities alot more sanitary.
Term
anarchist
Definition
is someone who believes that anarchy, or no government, is good for the people.
Term
William II
Definition
was the kaiser of Germany in 1888 he believed that only he would do a good job of running Germany and fired Otto von Bismarck. he provided social welfare for his people, even though he did not like social reforms.
Term
Franco-Prussian War
Definition
was a war between the French and the Prussians. over Alsace and Lorraine.
Term
Prussian wars
Definition
Term
social and economic reform in Germany
Definition
Term
Ci Xi
Definition
was the empress of China. she did not like reform and kept it the old way of running China.
Term
Sepoy Rebellion
Definition
was the rebellion that the Hindus and Muslims of India had against the British because it was against their religions to use pig and cow fat to use in their weapons.
Term
Ottoman empire decline
Definition
Term
Indian National Congress
Definition
was a congress formed by Indian National leaders, they wanted peaceful protesting to get what they wanted. Hindus dominated this party.
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