Term
| Where was West Nile Virus first discovered in 1937 |
|
Definition
| Uganda (in the west nile region....) |
|
|
Term
| When did WNV emerge in the US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 beings that are primarily infected with WNV |
|
Definition
humans
birds
horses
domestic pets |
|
|
Term
| Which organism is the main 'spreader' of WNV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 5 methods of transmission of WNV other than mosquitos |
|
Definition
Blood transfusion
Transplant
Breast milk
Transplacental
Occupational |
|
|
Term
| What percentage of West Nile infected individuals have viremia without symptoms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name some ocular signs of West Nile FEVER |
|
Definition
conjunctivits, photophobia
eye pain
floaters
uveitis
vitritis
vasculitis |
|
|
Term
| Incubation period of West Nile Fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Duration of West Nile Fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the appearance of the choroid in WNV |
|
Definition
| See linear choroid inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Identify the 3 most significant symptoms of neuroinvasive disease from West Nile Virus |
|
Definition
Muscle weakness
Fever
Meningitis |
|
|
Term
| Which age groups are at greater risk of develop a serious form of WNV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 Ocular signs associated with Neuroinvasive WNV |
|
Definition
Optic Neuritis
Cranial Nerve abnormalities |
|
|
Term
Name symptoms of serious form of
WNV |
|
Definition
Headache/FEVER
neck stiffness
stupor/disorientation
coma
tremor/convulsions
paralysis
seizures
Parkinsons-like signs
myoclonus
|
|
|
Term
| What percetnage of infected individuals develop West Nile Fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of infected individuals develop neuroinvasive form of WNV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Risk of death in severe form of WNV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Long term sequelae of West Nile Disease |
|
Definition
Fatigue
memory problems
headache
depression
new tremor |
|
|
Term
| Describe 3 physiological findings associated with WNV |
|
Definition
Normal/increased leukocyte count
CSF changes (leukocytosis, increased protein)
Enhancement of Pia and Arachnoid on MRI |
|
|
Term
| Name some antibody tests used to detect WNV |
|
Definition
IgM ELISA
IFA
WEstern Blot
|
|
|
Term
| Antibody tests for WNV may show cross reactivity with which virus? |
|
Definition
| St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) |
|
|
Term
| Name something that may cause a false positive on an antibody test for WNV |
|
Definition
Yellow fever vaccination
St. Louis Encephalitis |
|
|
Term
| Gold standard test for differentiating WNV from St. Louis encephalitis |
|
Definition
| Plaque reduction neutralization test |
|
|
Term
| Describe a positive result from the Plaque reduction neutralization test |
|
Definition
Organism is mixed with pts serum, if there are antibodies present there will be no growth.
This is a positive result |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 supportive treatments of WNV |
|
Definition
Fluids
Respiratory support
Prevention of secondary infections
Anti-inflammatory agents
Osmotic agents |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 treatments of WNV that are still being explored |
|
Definition
Human Monoclonal Antibody
Alpha-Interferon (alferon)
West Nile Vaccine |
|
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