Term
| What are the key points to hit on during an exam? |
|
Definition
parents concerns
sleep
nutrition
voiding and stooling
development
anticipatory guidance
complete physical exam and vital signs
immunization and labs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what should you do if your patient is overweight? |
|
Definition
assess nutrition
asses physical activity
interventions |
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Term
| what is a normal temperature |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the normal heart rate for a neonate |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the normal heart rate of a child 1 month to 6 months |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the normal heart rate of a child 6 months to 1 year |
|
Definition
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Term
| what is the normal heart rate of a child 1 year to 3 years? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the normal heart rate of a child 4 to 8 years? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the normal heart rate of a child 8+ |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the RR of neonates |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the RR for 0-1 years |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the RR for 1-3 years |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the RR of 4+ years? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the GI benefits of breast feeding? |
|
Definition
lower risk of Crohns
reduces rate of NEC in low birth weight babies
reduces risk of Celiac's disease
decreased incidence and severity of diarrheal illness/gastroenteritis |
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Term
| what are the respiratory benefits of breastfeeding? |
|
Definition
| reduces incidence and severity of upper and lower respiratory tract infections |
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|
Term
| What immunoglobins are in breast milk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the benefits of breastfeeding and allergies and asthma |
|
Definition
protects against developing food allergies
lower incidence of asthma
decrease risk of atopic dermatitis |
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Term
| what are the infection protection benefits of breastmilk |
|
Definition
| contains antimicrobial agents, antiinflammatory agents and immunologic stimulation agents |
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Term
| What are the general benefits of breastfeeding/ |
|
Definition
decreased morbidity and mortality
protection against SIDS
decreased obesity
enhance visual acuity
lower risk of developing type 1 diabetes
increased IQ |
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Term
| What are the different types of formulas? |
|
Definition
milk based (enfamil, similac, carnation)
soy based (prosobee, Isomil)
elemental (elecare, progestimil)
hypoallergenic (nutramingen, alimentum)
premature (neosure, enfacare)
fussiness (gentlease)
GER (enfamil AR) |
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Term
| is iron supplementation needed? |
|
Definition
| no because formulas are fortified and infant cereals are fortified |
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Term
| what should you assess when there is poor weight gain? |
|
Definition
| nutrition and schedule of meals and snacks |
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Term
| What should be looked at during developmental screening? |
|
Definition
| speech, fine motor, gross motor, behavior, social interaction, school/learning, parental concerns, correlation with provider concerns |
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|
Term
What should be looked at on the physical exam of the infant?
head
eyes
ears
mouth
clavicular exam
heart/CV
genitalia |
|
Definition
head: fontanelles
eyes: red reflexes, light reflexes, Cover test
Ears: TMs, preauricular pits/tags
mouth: palate
heart/CV: murmurs, femoral/pedal pulses
genitalia: tanner stage, males testicles descended? |
|
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Term
| what is tested on missouri's newborn screening? |
|
Definition
thyroid screening
hemogloginopathy screening
galactosemia
PKU
biotinidase deficiency screening
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
gystic ibrosis
fatty acid, organic acid, amino acid disorders |
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|
Term
| who needs referral after vision screening? |
|
Definition
worse than 20/40
strabismus/eye crossing
parental concern
abnormalities |
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Term
| WHat is OAE and what does it assess? |
|
Definition
| otoacoustic emissions screen; assesses health of external and middle ear; measures spontaneous emissions from cochlea at different frequencies |
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|
Term
| what does a tympanogram measure? |
|
Definition
| uses measurements of canal volume and pressures to assess movement of TM |
|
|
Term
| when should you refer a patient for hearing and speech? |
|
Definition
speech delay
uncooperative child
normal TM with persistent failed screening
parental concern |
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|
Term
| when should you refer a patient for hearing and speech? |
|
Definition
speech delay
uncooperative child
normal TM with persistent failed screening
parental concern |
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|
Term
| when should you consider an ENT for a patient? |
|
Definition
multiple otitis media
persistent effusion
abnormal TM or ear exam |
|
|
Term
| when should you consider an ENT for a patient? |
|
Definition
multiple otitis media
persistent effusion
abnormal TM or ear exam |
|
|
Term
| When is lead screening done? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the risk factors for exposure to lead |
|
Definition
siblings with lead poisoning
house before 1950
house before 1978 with recent remodel
pica
household member with hobbies with lead
unusual meds or herbal remedies
high risk areas |
|
|
Term
| why is lead especially poisonous for children? |
|
Definition
| because an immature blood brain barrier allows lead to cross |
|
|
Term
| what are the acute symptoms of lead poisoning? |
|
Definition
| abdominal pain, cramping, headaches, constipation irritability |
|
|
Term
| what are the long term symptoms of lead poisoning? |
|
Definition
| behavior issues, lower IQ, learning problems, slowed growth, anemia |
|
|
Term
| what is the routine screening for lead? |
|
Definition
all children at 12 and 24 months
any child with positive screening |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of immunizations? |
|
Definition
passive: preformed antibody
active: all or part; alive or dead; antibodies are formed by patient's B cells |
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|
Term
| What is life attenuated immunization? |
|
Definition
| weakened, must replicate to be effective; immune response similar to natural response |
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|
Term
| what viruses are protected from live attenuated immunization? |
|
Definition
| MMR, smallpox, varicella, yellow fever, influenza, polio, rotateq, rotavirus |
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|
Term
| What bacteria are we protected from by life attentuated immunization? |
|
Definition
| BCG (tuberculosis), oral typhoid |
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|
Term
| What is inactivated immunization? |
|
Definition
| less effective than live; immune response mostly humoral; antibody titer falls over time |
|
|
Term
| What whole viruses are associated with inactivated immunization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protein based fractional viruses are associated with inactivated immunization? |
|
Definition
subunit: hep B, influenza, acellular pertussis
Toxoid: diptheria, tetanus |
|
|
Term
| what polysaccharide based fractional viruses are associated with inactivated immunization? |
|
Definition
Pure: pneumococcal, meningococcal
conjugate: HiB, pneumococcal |
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