Term
| Which compartment of the forearm contains the flexors? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which compartment of the forearm contains the extensors? |
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Definition
| the posterior compartment |
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Term
| Why do most of the muscles of the forearm originate from the humerus? |
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Definition
-allows bulk of muscles to be located
proximally in the forearm
-allows wrist to be capable of large range of movement |
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Term
| What are the five superficial muscles of the anterior compartment? |
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Definition
1. pronator teres
2. flexor carpi radialis
3. palmaris longus
4. flexor carpi ulnaris
5. flexor digitorum superficialis |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the pronator teres? |
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Definition
-round muscle (like a cigar)
-most lateral of superficial flexor group |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the pronator teres? |
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Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: mid-lateral shaft of radius |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the pronator teres? |
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Definition
A: pronates the forearm, forearm flexion
N: median nerve |
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Term
| What is the cubital fossa? |
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Definition
| triangular area of the anterior elbow that is typically used as a location for venipuncture because the radial nerve is superficial |
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Term
| What are the borders of the cubital fossa? |
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Definition
-medial epicondyle and lateral epicondyle form the base of the triangle
-pronator teres forms medial side
-brachioradialis forms lateral side |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the flexor carpi radialis? |
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Definition
-medial to pronator teres
-radial artery is lateral to distal tendon |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the flexor carpi radialis? |
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Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: palmar surface of the hand |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the flexor carpi radialis? |
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Definition
A: wrist flexion and abduction
N: median nerve |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the palmarus longus? |
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Definition
-absent in about 15% of people
-helps you "palm" a basketball |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the palmarus longus? |
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Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: palmar aponeurosis |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the palmarus longus? |
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Definition
A: wrist flexion and tenses fascia of palm
N: median nerve |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of the flexor carpi ulnaris? |
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Definition
-most medial of superficial flexors
-ulnar nerve and artery are immediately lateral to distal tendon |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris? |
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Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: medial side of hand |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris? |
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Definition
A: wrist flexion and adduction
N: ulnar nerve |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the flexor digitorum superficialis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis? |
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Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: tendons split to insert at middle phalanx of digits 2-5 |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis? |
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Definition
A: wrist flexion, digit flexion
N: median nerve |
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Term
| What are the three deep muscles of the anterior compartment? |
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Definition
1. flexor pollicis longus
2. flexor digitorum profundus
3. pronator quadratus |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the flexor pollicis longus? |
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Definition
| -lateral to flexor digitorum profundus |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the flexor pollicis longus? |
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Definition
O: along the radius bone
I: distal phalanx #1 |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the flexor pollicis longus? |
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Definition
A: wrist flexion and thumb flexion
N: ulnar nerve |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus? |
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Definition
O: ulna bones
I: tendons pass through split in flexor digitorum superficialis to reach distal phalanx 2-5 |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus? |
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Definition
A: wrist flexion and distal phalanx flexion
N: medial 1/2=ulnar nerve
lateral 1/2=median nerve |
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Term
| What are characteristics of the pronator quadratus? |
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Definition
-square shaped muscle, proximal to the wrist
-deepest of anterior arm |
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Term
| What is the origin and insertion of the pronator quadratus? |
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Definition
O: distal ulna
I: distal radius |
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Term
| What are the actions and innervation of the pronator quadratus? |
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Definition
A: initiates pronation
N: median nerve |
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Term
| What is the carpal tunnel? |
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Definition
| a fibrous/osseous tunnel at the anterior wrist that allows for passage of finger and thumb tendons and the median nerve |
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Term
| What is the flexor retinaculum? |
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Definition
| fibrous roof of the carpal tunnel |
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Term
| How does carpal tunnel syndrome occur? |
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Definition
| median nerve is compressed leading to numbness, tingling, and even pain in affected areas |
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