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Weathering and Soil formation
chapter 7 key terms
22
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
weathering
Definition
procces that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface
Term
erosion
Definition
movement of rock particles by wind, water,ice,or gravity.
Term
mechanical or physical weathering
Definition
the type of weathering in wich rock is physicaly broken into smaller peices.
Term
abrasion
Definition
grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by,ice,water,wind,or gravity.
Term
ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks.
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
the procces thats breaks down rock through chemical changes.
Term
permeable
Definition
a material that is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it.
Term
soil
Definition
the loose weathered material on Earth's surface which plants can grow.
Term
Bedrock
Definition
solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
Term
Humus
Definition
dark colored substance that forms as plants and animals remains decay.
Term
soil horizon
Definition
layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above it or below it.
Term
topsoil
Definition
crumbly dark brown, siol that is a mixture of humus, clay,and other materials.
Term
subsoil
Definition
usually consist of of clay and other particles washed down from the Horizon A and a little humus.
Term
litter
Definition
as plants shed leaves,they form a loose layer.
Term
decomposers
Definition
the organisms that break down the old remains of dead organisms itno smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals.
Term
sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil.
Term
soil conservation
Definition
managment of soil to prevent its destruction.
Term
contour plowing
Definition
practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope.
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
disturbs the soil and its plant covering its destruction.
Term
renewable resource
Definition
one that is naturally replaced in a relitivly short time.
Term
loam
Definition
rich soil that is made up of equal parts of clay,sand,and silt.
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition
wind erosion caused by severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's
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