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WEATHERING AND SOIL FORMATION
CHAPTER 7
22
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
WEATHERING
Definition
PROCESS THAT BREAKS DOWN ROCKS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES AT EARTH SURFACE.
Term
EROSION
Definition
IS THE MOVEMENT OF ROCK PARTICLES BY WIND, WATER,ICE,OR GRAVITY.
Term
MECHANICAL (PHYSICAL)
Definition
THE TYPE OF of weathering in which rocks is physically broken into smaller pieces.
Term
ABRASION
Definition
Refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water,ice, wind,or gravity.
Term
ICE WEDGING
Definition
That splits rocks when water seeps into cracks,then freezes and expands.
Term
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
Definition
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.
Term
PERMEABLE
Definition
Characteristic of materials such as sand and gravel that allow water to pass easily through them.`
Term
SOIL
Definition
Loose,weathered material on earth surface in which plants can grow.
Term
BEDROCK
Definition
The solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
Term
HUMUS
Definition
Dark-colored substance that forms as plants and animals remains decay.
Term
LOAM
Definition
Solid that made up of about equal parts of clay,sand,and silt.
Term
SOIL HORIZON
Definition
Layer soil that differ in color and texture from the layers.
Term
TOPSOIL
Definition
Acrumbly dark brownsoil that is a mixture of humus,clay,and other minerals.
Term
SUBSOIL
Definition
Consists of clay and other particles washed down from the A horizon, but little humus
Term
LITTER
Definition
as plants shed leaves, they form a loose layer
Term
DECOMPOSER
Definition
organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
Term
SOD
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil keeps the soil in place and holds onto moisture
Term
RENEWABLE RESOURCE
Definition
one that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time
Term
DUST BOWL
Definition
an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's
Term
SOIL CONSERVATION
Definition
the management of soil to prevent its destruction
Term
CONTOUR PLOWING
Definition
the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope
Term
CONSERVATION PLOWING
Definition
disturbs the soil and its plant cover as little as possible
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