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Weathering and Soil Formation
Chapter 7 Key Terms
16
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
Weathering
Definition
is the processthat breaks downrock and other substances at earths suface
Term
Erosion
Definition
is the movement of rock particlesby wind watericce or gravity
Term
mechanical weathering
Definition
the type of weathering in which smaller is physically broken down into smaller peices
Term
abrasion
Definition
refers to the grinding away of rock by particales carried by water ice wind or gravity
Term
Ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice widen and deepen th e crack
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock by chemical changes
Term
permeable
Definition
means that a material is full of tiny connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it
Term
soil
Definition
is the loose weathered material on earths suface in which plants can grow
Term
bedrock
Definition
is the solid layer of rock beneath the surface
Term
humus
Definition
is a dark colored substance that forms as plants and animals remains decay
Term
soil horizon
Definition
is a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layer above or below it
Term
top soil
Definition
is a crumly dark brown soil that is a mixtuer of humus clay and other minerals
Term
subsoil
Definition
ussaly consist of clay and other particals washed down from A horizon but little humus
Term
litter
Definition
as plants shed leaves they form a loose layer
Term
Decomposer
Definition
the organisms that break down the remains of dead organisms into smaller peices and digest them with chemical
Term
sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough root at the surface
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