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weathering and soil formation
chapter 7 key terns
24
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
erosion
Definition
is the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
Term
bedrock
Definition
is the soil layer of rock beneth the soil
Term
sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil kept the soil in place and held onto moisture
Term
abrasion
Definition
refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried away by water, ice,wind, or graveity
Term
weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock and others substance at earths surface.
Term
mechanical weathering
Definition
the type of weathering in wich rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
Term
ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
Term
permable
Definition
means that a meterial is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it.
Term
soil
Definition
is the loose weathered material on earths surface in wich plants can grow
Term
humus
Definition
is a dark colored substance that forms as plants and animals remains decay
Term
soil horizon
Definition
is a layer of soil that differs in color and texture form the layers above or below it
Term
top soil
Definition
a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals
Term
subsoil
Definition
usually consists of clay and other particles washed down from the a horizon
Term
litter
Definition
as plants shed leaves, they form a loose layer
Term
decomposer
Definition
are the organisims that break the remains of dead organisnms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
Term
renewable resources
Definition
is one that is naturally replaced in a relaatively short time
Term
dust bowl
Definition
was an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of top soil
Term
soil conservation
Definition
is the management of soil to prevent its destruction
Term
contour plowing
Definition
is the pracitce fo plowing fields along the curves of a slop
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
distrubs the soil and its plant cover as little as possible
Term
loam
Definition
soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt
Term
What factors causes mechanical weathering
Definition
freezing and thawing
Term
describe three causes of chemical weathering
Definition
water and oxygen
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