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Weathering and Soil Formation
Chapter 7 Key Terms
30
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
weathering
Definition
the process that breaks down rock and other substances ot earths surface
Term
erosion
Definition
the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity
Term
mechanical weathering
Definition
the type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
Term
abrasion
Definition
the grinding away of rock paricles carried by water,ice,wind, or gravity
Term
ice wedging
Definition
the process that wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepens in cracks
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
the process that breaks down rock through a chemical process
Term
permeable
Definition
means that a material is full of tiny connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it
Term
soil
Definition
a loose weathered materialon earths surface in which plants can grow
Term
bedrock
Definition
a solid layer of rock beneath the soil
Term
humus
Definition
a dark colored material that forms a substance that forms as plants and animals decay
Term
loam
Definition
soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay,sand and silt
Term
soil horizon
Definition
a layer of soil that differs in color and texture than the colors below it
Term
topsoil
Definition
a crumbly dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus,clay, and other minerals
Term
subsoil
Definition
usually consists of clay and other particles
Term
litter
Definition
the loose layer that plants form when they shed their leaves
Term
decomposers
Definition
the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
Term
sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil
Term
renewable resource
Definition
one that is naturally placed in a relativly short time
Term
dust bowl
Definition
was an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930s
Term
soil conservation
Definition
the management of soil to prevent its destruction
Term
contour plowing
Definition
the practice of plowing fields along the curves of the slope
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
disturbes the soil and its plants cover as little as possible
Term
what role does weathering play in the formation of soil
Definition
soil forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface
Term
what role does weathering play in the formation of soil
Definition
soil forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface
Term
what role does weathering play in the formation of soil
Definition
soil forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface
Term
what role does weathering play in the formation of soil
Definition
soil forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface
Term
what are the different materials that make up soil
Definition
soil is a mixture of rock particles,minerals,decayed organic material,air,and water
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