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Weathering and Soil formation
chapter 7 key terms
22
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
Weathering
Definition
The physcal processes that break down rock at earths surface
Term
Erosion
Definition
The process by witch water ice wind or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil
Term
Mechanical/physcal Weathering
Definition
The type of weathering in witch rock is broken into smaller peices
Term
Abrasion
Definition
The grinding away of rock particles carried by water ice wind and gravity
Term
Ice Wedgeing
Definition
The process that splits rock when water seeps in to cracks then freezes and expands
Term
Permeable
Definition
charicteristic of matereals such as sand and gravel that allows water and sand to pass through them
Term
Chemical Weathering
Definition
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
Term
soil
Definition
the loose weatherd matereal on earths surface wich plants can grow
Term
bedrock
Definition
the solid layer of rock beneath the soil
Term
humus
Definition
dark coloerd organic materal in the soil
Term
loam
Definition
rich fertile soil thats made of = parts of clay sand and silt
Term
soil horizon
Definition
a layer of soil that differs in color and texture than the layers below and above it
Term
topsoil
Definition
the mixture of humus clay and other minerals that form the crumbly layer on top
Term
subsoil
Definition
the layer of soil beneath the topsoil that containes mostly clay and other minerals
Term
litter
Definition
trash on the side of the road
Term
decomposer
Definition
an organism that breaks down large molecules from dead orginisms into small molecules and returns important to the environment
Term
sod
Definition
a thick mass of grass roots and soil
Term
renewable resource
Definition
a resourse that is naturaly replaced in a relativly short time
Term
dust bowl
Definition
the aera of the great planees where wind erosion caused soil loss in the 1930s
Term
soil conservation
Definition
the management of soil to prevent its destruction
Term
contour plowing
Definition
the process of plowing fields along the slopes to prevent soil loss
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
disturbs the soil and plants as little as possible
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