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Definition
| Process that breaks down rock and all other substances at the Earth's surface. |
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Definition
| the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
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| Mechanical or Physical Weathering |
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Definition
| type of weathering in which rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces of rock with the same composition as the rock they came from. |
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Definition
| grinding away of rock by rock particals carried by water,ice, wind or gravity |
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| wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks in the rock |
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| Process that breaks down rock through chemical changes. |
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| means that a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it. |
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Definition
| the loose,weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow. |
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Definition
| the solid layer of rock beneath the soil. |
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Definition
| dark-colorered substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay. |
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Definition
| A layer of soil that differs in color and(or) texture of the rows above and below it is called a ___________. |
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Definition
| a crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus,clay,and other minerals.(the A horison) |
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Definition
| (the B horison) consisting of clay and other particles washed down from the A horison, but little humus. |
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Definition
| When leaves are shed from a plant it is a loose layer called ________. |
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Definition
| Organisms that break down the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals are called _________. |
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Definition
| The thick mass of thick roots at the surface of the soil. |
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Definition
| A __________ is one that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time. |
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Definition
| An area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's is the __________. |
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Term
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Definition
| __________ is the management of soil to prevent destruction. |
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Definition
| __________ is the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope. |
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Definition
| soil made of equal parts of sand, clay and silt |
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Term
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Definition
| __________ contains only partly weathered rock. |
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Term
| [1] __________ are factors that cause mechanical weathering. |
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Definition
| freezing and thawing, release of pressure, growth of plants, and actions of animals (are _________.) |
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Term
| [2]3 causes of chemical weathering are ____,________, and ________. |
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Definition
| Water dissolves rock, oxygen creates rust, and carbon dioxide produces carbonic acid that easily weathers marble and limestone. |
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Term
| [3] What factors affect the rate of weathering? |
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Definition
| Type of rock and climate. |
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| [4]The reason why chemical weathering occurs faster in hot, wet climates than in cool, dry climates is __________. |
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Definition
| Rainfall provides water and some rocks fall apart in the heat. |
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| [1]What role does weathering play in the formation of soil? |
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Definition
| The rock weathers forming soil. |
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| [2]What are the different materials that make up soil? |
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Definition
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| [3]How do plants and animals affect the formation and composition of soil? |
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Definition
| Plants' roots crack holes in the ground and burrowing animals mix humus through the soil. |
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Term
| [1]What is the importance of soil as one of the Earth's resources? |
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Definition
| Everything depends on soil. Plants use it directly for nutrients and animals eat plnts or animals that ate the plants. |
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Term
| [2]How did settlers on the Great Plains help create the dust bowl? |
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Definition
| They planted too many crops, pulled up the native grasses and let too many cattle eat grass in the plains. |
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