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Definition
| the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
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Definition
| the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice,or gravity |
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Term
| Physical or Mechanical Weathering |
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Definition
| the type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces |
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Definition
| refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity |
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Definition
| the process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands |
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Definition
| the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
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Definition
| a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it |
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Definition
| loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow |
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Definition
| solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
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Definition
| dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay |
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Definition
| soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt |
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Definition
| a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it |
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Definition
| crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| in B horizon and usually consists of clay and other particles washed down from the A horizon, but little humus |
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Definition
| a loose layer of dead plant leaves and stems on the surface of the soil |
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| organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals |
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Definition
| the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil |
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Definition
| a resource that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time |
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Definition
| an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's |
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Definition
| management of soil to prevent its destruction |
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Definition
| the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope |
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Definition
| soil conservation method in which the dead stalks from the previous year's crop are left in the ground to hold the soil in place |
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Term
| Factors that cause mechanical(physical) weathering |
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Definition
| release of pressure, growth of plants, actions of animals, and freezing and thawing |
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Term
| Three causes of chemical weathering |
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Definition
| oxygen is an important cause of of chemical weathering oxygen weathers iron, carbon dioxide results to carbonic acid which weathers marble, water is the most important water weathers rock by dissolving it |
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| Factors that affect the rate of weathering |
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Definition
| the type of rock and the climate |
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Term
| Why does chemical weathering occur faster in hot, wet climates than in cool, dry climates? |
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Definition
| In wet climates rainfall provides the water needed for chemical changes for freezing and thawing. In hot climates chemical reactions occur faster with the high temperature |
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Term
| Roles weathering play in the formation of soil |
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Definition
| soil forms as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface. soil is what the weathered rock and other materials in the crack have started to become |
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Term
| Different materials that make up soil |
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Definition
| its a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water |
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Term
| How do plants and animals affect the formation and composition of soil? |
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Definition
| Some soil organisms mix the soil and make spaces in it for air and water. Other soil organisms make humus, the material that makes soil fertile. Plants contribute most of the organic remains that form humus. |
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