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Weathering and Soil Formation
chapter 7
24
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
weathering
Definition
the process that breaks down rock and other substances at earth surface.
Term
erosion
Definition
the movement of rock particals by wind water ice or gravity.
Term
Mecanical Weathering
Definition
the type of weatering were rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces.
Term
abrasion
Definition
refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particals carried by water,ice,wind or gravity.
Term
ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks.
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
the proccess that breacks down rock through chemical changes.
Term
permeable
Definition
that a material is full of tiny connected air spaces that allow wate to seep through it.
Term
soil
Definition
the loose weathered material on Earths surface in wich plants can grow.
Term
bedrock
Definition
the solid layer of rocck beneath the soil.
Term
humus
Definition
a dark colered substance that forms as a plant and animal remains decay.
Term
loam
Definition
soil that is made up ofequal parts of clay,sand,and silt.
Term
soil horizon
Definition
is a layer of soil that differs in color and texure from the layer above it or below it.
Term
top soil
Definition
a crumbly,dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus,clay,and other minerals.
Term
subsoil
Definition
usally consists of clay and other particals waashed down from the A horizon but little humus.
Term
decomposers
Definition
the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals.
Term
sod
Definition
thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil- kept the soil in place and hold moisture.
Term
renewable resorce
Definition
one that is naturally replaces its self in a relativly short amount of time
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition
an area were wind erosin caused severe loss of topsoil.
Term
soil conservation
Definition
manegment of soil to prevent its destruction
Term
Conture plowing
Definition
the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
disturbs the soil ad its plants cover as little as posible.
Term
litter
Definition
as plants shed leaves the form a loose layer called ________.
Term
What factors cause mechanical weathering?
Definition
The factors that cause mecanical weathering are freezing, thawing, release of pressure, growth of plants and actions of animals.
Term
What factors cause mechanical weathering?
Definition
The factors that cause mecanical weathering are freezing, thawing, release of pressure, growth of plants and actions of animals.
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