eletromagnetic waves

form of energy that can travel through space

radiation

direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

infrared radiation

form of energy with wavelengths that are longer than visible light

ultraviolet radiation

has wavelengths shorter than violet light

causes sunburn and skin cancer

scattering

reflection of light in all directions

greenhouse effect

process of gases that hold heat in the air

thermal energy

total energy in motion in molecules of a substance

temperature

measure of how hot or cold of a substance

thermometer

a glass tube with a bulb on the end with liquid like mercury

heat

movement of thermal energy from one substance to another

conduction

transfer of heat through direct contact

convection

transfer of heat by the moevment of fluid

wind

horizontal movement of air from high to low pressure areas

anemometer

how wind speed is measured

wind-chill factor

wind cause by increase of cooling

local wind

wind blows short distances

sea breeze

wind blown over land over lake or ocean 

land breeze

air from land to a body of water

monsoons

sea and land breeze over a large region that changes directions

global wind

winds blow steady from certain directions over long distances

coriolis effect

earth's rotation makes winds curve

latitidude

distance from the equator measured in degrees

jet stream

bands of high speed winds

air mass

huge body of air that has similar tempature, humidity and air pressure

tropical

air masses form in the tropics

polar

air mass formed north 50 degrees south 50 degrees latitude

maritime

air masses formed over oceans

continental

air masses form over land in the middle of continents and are dry

front

air masses meet and do not mix

occluded

warm air mass cut off from the ground

cyclone

center of low air pressure that swirls

anticyclones

high pressure centers of dry air

meterologist

scinetist that studys the causes of weather and try to predict it

el nino

warm water event in the pacific oceam

isobar

lines joining places on the map with the same air pressure