Term
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Definition
The upward displacement of air that leads to adiabatic cooling |
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Term
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Definition
When a warm air mass flows toward a wedge of cold air it is forced upward. When a cold air mass flows toward a wedge of warm air it slips under the warm air. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Area of significant localized uplift often associated with thunderstorms |
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Term
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Definition
Air's susceptibility to uplift |
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Term
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Definition
Air that experiences an uplift |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Air that neither resists uplift nor is motivated to rise |
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Term
Conditionally unstable air |
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Definition
Buoyancy of air changes.
DALR<ELR<SALR |
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Term
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Definition
Air parcel cools more than ambient air.
ELR<MALR,WALR,DALR |
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Term
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Definition
Air parcel cools less than ambient air.
ELR>DALR |
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Term
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Definition
The change in temperature due to elevation |
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Term
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Definition
5.5 Degree fahrenheit per 1000 feet or 1 degree celsius per 100 feet |
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Term
Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate |
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Definition
3.3 degree fahrenheit per 1000 feet or .5 degree celsius per 100 feet |
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Term
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Definition
Areas where temperature increases with elevation |
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Term
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Definition
Thin, white, wispy clouds. A high cloud.
Ci |
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Term
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Definition
Extensive, shallow clouds somewhat transparent to sunlight. A high cloud.
Cs |
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Term
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Definition
High, layered cloud with billows or parallel rolls. High cloud.
Cc |
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Term
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Definition
Extensive, watery, layered cloud. Middle cloud.
As |
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Term
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Definition
Shallow mid level cloud containing patches or rolls. Somewhat opaque.
Ac |
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Term
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Definition
Uniform layer of low cloud ranging from grey to whitish.
Low level.
St |
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Term
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Definition
Low cloud producing light rain. Dark skies.
Ns |
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Term
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Definition
Low level equivalent to altocumulus.
Sc |
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Term
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Definition
Detached billowy clouds with flat bases and moderate vertical development.
May extend through much of atmosphere.
Cu |
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Term
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Definition
Clouds with intense vertical development with characteristic anvil shape. Very dark and very tall.
Cb |
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Term
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Definition
Where a water droplet in a cloud hits another droplet. |
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Term
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Definition
Process where colliding water droplets combine |
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Term
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Definition
Deposition of H20 vapor onto an ice crystal. Deposition exceeds sublimation |
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Term
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Definition
Where an ice crystal falls through a cloud collides with water droplets that freeze onto an ice crystal which leads to rapid growth of a snowflake |
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Term
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Definition
When collision and coalescence occur |
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Term
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Definition
Clouds where the temperature is > than 0 in lower reaches and < 0 in the upper reaches |
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Term
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Definition
Clouds where the temperature is < 0 throughout |
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Term
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Definition
Ice crystals that have air bubbles in them |
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Term
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Definition
Frozen rain that is bounced between the top and bottom of a cloud 'till it is heavy enough to drop |
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Term
Terminal velocity of water droplets |
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Definition
Maximum speed a water droplet can attain while falling |
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Term
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Definition
Raindrops that fall through < 0 degree air and change from liquid to ice |
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Term
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Definition
Rain that freezes when it hits the ground |
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Term
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Definition
A late fall/early winter condition where cold air mass moves over a warm body of water and leads to much precipitation |
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Term
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Definition
Divides circulation of each hemisphere into three belts |
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Term
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Definition
Heat driven. Rainiest zone.
Responsible for the ITCZ |
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Term
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Definition
Occurs in mid latitudes. Driven by air movement where air from subtropics moves toward the sub polar. |
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Term
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Definition
Heat driven. Moves air from poles to sub polar. |
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Term
Semi permanent cells of low pressure |
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Definition
Aleutian and Icelandic lows |
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Term
Semi permanent cells of high pressure |
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Definition
Siberian, Hawaiian, Azures high |
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Term
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Definition
Narrow divide between sub polar air and polar |
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Term
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Definition
Jet stream caused by steeply sloping pressure gradient near polar air mass |
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Term
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Definition
Associated with Hadley cell near the equator |
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Term
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Definition
Upper atmosphere westerlies between polar and warm front with meridional fluctuations |
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Term
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Definition
Extended area of low pressure |
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Term
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Definition
Extended area of high pressure |
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Term
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Definition
Winds that move East to or from West |
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Term
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Definition
Winds that move north or south |
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Term
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Definition
Effect of wind drag on current starting 45 degrees right from prevailing wind. As it goes down to 100 meters the current turns right until it is 180 degrees from its' starting direction |
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Term
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Definition
Where an area of water is moved away from the shore and water from below is lifted up to replace the lack of water |
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Term
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Definition
A reversal of the dry/wet weather system |
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Term
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Definition
Synoptic-scale winds that flow down mountain slopes, warm by compression, and introduce hot, dry, and clear conditions to adjacent lowlands |
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Term
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Definition
Winds that are warmed by compression and descend eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains |
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Term
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Definition
Where a high pressure system pushes air west and down out of the Rockies towards CA |
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Term
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Definition
Winds warmed by compression as they are pushed down off of a plateau. Antarctica has the most prevelant |
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Term
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Definition
Breezes caused by the differing temperatures between land and sea. Vary diurnally |
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Term
Valley and mountain breezes |
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Definition
Valley breezes occur during the day and mountain breezes occur at night |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Pacific Decadal Oscillation |
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Definition
20 - 30 year oscillation between water temperature in Pacific NW and tropics |
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Term
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Definition
Uniform area where air masses develop |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A front that is not moving |
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Term
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Definition
A front where warm air has been forced aloft. Much precipitation is found there |
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Term
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Definition
The life and functions of a midlatitude cyclone. |
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Term
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Definition
Major weather systems. Cyclogenesis - formation
Mature cyclones - growth
Dissipation - result of occluded front |
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Term
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Definition
A positive or negative rotation of a fluid |
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Term
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Definition
3d modeling describing how warm, cold, and dry conveyor belt energies impact mid latitude cyclones |
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Term
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Definition
Discharge of electricity in thunder storm |
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Term
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Definition
Air masses that lead to thunderstorms only representative of part of the air mass |
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Term
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Definition
Wind speed > 58 mpg, hail > 0.75", and can spawn tornadoes |
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Term
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Definition
Intensely powerful storms that contain a single updraft zone |
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Term
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Definition
Zones of extremely rapid, rotating winds beneath the base of cumulonimbus clouds |
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Term
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Definition
A large rotating vortice that often precedes a tornado |
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Term
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Definition
Thick cloud beneath a rotating thunderstorm, a place where severe weather often develops |
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Term
Non supercell development of tornadoes |
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Definition
Are caused by large uplift of air during a thunderstorm |
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Term
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Definition
Climate anomalies being related to each other over long distance. ENSO being an example |
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Term
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Definition
Narrow bands separating dry air from humid air |
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Term
Meso Convective Complexes |
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Definition
A type of MCS having an oval or nearly circular shape |
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Term
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Definition
A general clustering of thunderstorms |
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