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Weatering and Soil Formation
Chapter 7 Key Terms
23
Science
7th Grade
12/05/2006

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Term
weatering
Definition
The prosses that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's serfaces.
Term
Erosion
Definition
The movement of rock particals by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
Term
Mechanical Weathering (Physical)
Definition
The type of weathering in which rock is pysically broken into smaller peices.
Term
Abrasion
Definition
The grinding away of rock by rock particals carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity.
Term
Ice Wedging
Definition
Wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks.
Term
Chemical Weathering
Definition
The prosses that breaks down rock through chemical changes.
Term
Permeable
Definition
It means that a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it.
Term
Soil
Definition
The loose, weathered material on Earth's serface in which plants can grow.
Term
Bedrock
Definition
The solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
Term
Humus
Definition
A dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animals remains decay.
Term
Loam
Definition
Soil that is made up of equal parts of clay, sand, and silt.
Term
Soil Horizon
Definition
A layer of the soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it.
Term
Topsoil
Definition
A crumbly, dark brown soilthat is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals.
Term
Subsoil
Definition
Usally consists of clay and other particals washed down from the topsoil, but little humus.
Term
Litter
Definition
As plants shed leaves, they form a loos layer.
Term
Decomposers
Definition
The organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals.
Term
Sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the serfaceof the soil-kept the soil in place and held onto moisture.
Term
Renewable Resorce
Definition
One that naterally replaced in a relively short time.
Term
Renewable Resorce
Definition
One that naterally replaced in a relively short time.
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition
Was a area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's.
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition
Was a area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930's.
Term
Soil Conservation
Definition
Is the management of soil to prevent its destruction.
Term
Contour Plowing
Definition
The practice of plowing fields along curves of a slope.
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