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Water
water in the world
18
Environmental Studies
Undergraduate 1
05/14/2010

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Cards

Term
What percent of water is used for agriculture?
Definition
67%
Term
What percent of water is freshwater? And what percent of Earth's water is available for drinking?
Definition
2.5%, 0.01%
Term
How much of the water cycle are we using?
Definition
10% (4,000 km^3/r)
Term
How much was the Aral Sea reduced by?
Definition
80% in 50 years
Term
How much has the Ogallala Aquifer's surface dropped?
Definition
10% since 1950
Term
What is salt water incursion?
Definition
It is the seepage of salt water into fresh water aquifers when the aquifers are pumped to quickly.
Term
What is the global energy consumption?
Definition
15TW = 473 EJ
Term
What percent of the energy we use comes from fossil fuels?
Definition
85%
Term
What is the ranking of how bad fossil fuels' emissions are?
Definition
coal > oil > natural gas
Term
What is decarbonization?
Definition
We are getting fewer units of energy per unit of energy consumption.
Term
How much do we need to reduce emissions by?
Definition
3.8 Gt by 2020, 12.8 Gt by 2030
Term
How much greater will energy demand be in 2030 than it is today?
Definition
2/3 greater
Term
How much of the world's energy comes from nuclear plants?
Definition
15%
Term
What is NPP? What is the global level of terrestrial NPP?
Definition
Net primary productivity (energy fixed by plants). 60 PgC/yr
Term
What percent of NPP do we use?
Definition
30%
Term
What is a species area curve?
Definition
S = cA^z
S is number of species
c is the constant (dependent on species)
A is the area
z is a set value (.25-.55 for islands, .1-.2 for a single province, 1 between provinces)
Term
What percent of species are committed to extinction?
Definition
15-37%
Term
Describe the findings of the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment:
Definition
-Over past 50 years, ecosystems have changed more rapidly and extensively than ever before
-60% of ecosystem services evaluated are being degraded or used unsustainably
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