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Wastewater B Review
B review
213
Environmental Studies
Professional
12/30/2020

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Term
Plug flow:
Definition
Doesn't mix with the rest of the tank
Term
Complete mix advantages:
Definition
No Short circuiting, no plug flow
Term
Disadvantages of complete mix:
Definition
Toxic loads effect the entire basin
Term
In the luxury uptake process, ADsorption.(release) happens in the ..
Definition
anaerobic tank. PAO’s pick up the food and bring it to the aerobic tank.
Term
In the luxury uptake process, ABsorption (take in, consume) happens.....
Definition
in the aerobic tank. the PAO’s consume the food they picked up.
Term
To adjust the DO in the oxidation ditch..
Definition
raise or lower the rotors
Term
Advantages of extended air:
Definition
higher sludge age, low wasting, endogenous respiration
Term
A Disadvantage of extended air is __________________________.
Definition
You need more capacity.
Term
Quiescent:
Definition
Still, not active
Term
When the RAS flow is increased, the RAS/WAS concentration ________________because it doesn't have enough detention time to thicken.
Definition
decreases
Term
Young Sludge is also called __________________.
Definition
Sludge Bulking
Term
Under Oxidized:
Definition
Under cooked. Hasn't been cycled through the plant long enough.
Term
Over Oxidized:
Definition
Over cooked.
Has cycled through the plant for a long time.
Term
The 3 M&M's :
Definition
MCRT,MLSS,MLVSS
Term
The Three Amigos:
Definition
F/M, SVI, WAS rate
Term
If the Three amigos are high,
Definition
The 3 M&M's will be low and vise versa
Term
Filamentous Bulking will produce a __________ Supernate.
Definition
Clear
Term
Classic Sludge Bulking will produce a ________ Supernate
Definition
Cloudy and turbid
Term
over oxidized is essentially...
Definition
old sludge
Term
overloaded equals:
Definition
High F/M
Term
Underloaded equals:
Definition
Low F/M
Term
F/M ratio is the....
Definition
pounds of food per day to one pound of bugs.
Term
Homogeneous:
Definition
Uniform...the same throughout.
Term
When the OUR (oxygen uptake rate) Decreases....
Definition
The F/M decreases
Term
When MLSS is high,
Definition
Sludge Age is old
Term
To reduce the F/M,
Definition
Reduce the waste
Term
To increase the F/M,
Definition
increase the waste
Term
Filamentous will flourish if you have....
Definition
a low F/M, low D.O, Low PH, F.O.G, nutrient imbalance, high organic load
Term
________% of monthly fecals must be non detect. Only one can be over 25cfu/100mls.
Definition
75%
Term
The ideal PH is between
Definition
7.0-8.5
Term
Organisms require _____________________________________ for reproduction.
Definition
Carbon, Nitrogen, phosphorus, iron
Term
The Nutrient ratio is __:__:__:___
Definition
100 :5 :1 :0.5
CBOD: Nitrogen: Phosporus: Iron
Term
A low Ph under _____ can attract filamentous
Definition
6.5
Term
During Denitrification,
Definition
Bacteria release gas
Term
Nitrogen gas is .....
Definition
odorless
Term
septic pop ups...
Definition
have a strong odor
Term
Aerobic organisms (aerobes) need..
Definition
Free D.O
Term
The Nitrifiers, Nitrosomonas and nitrobacter are Strictly ___________ and need Free D.O.
Definition
Aerobic
Term
The Three respiratory conditions are:
Definition
Anoxic, Anaerobic, Aerobic
Term
Anoxic means ___________ is present and Nitrite and Nitrate are present.
Definition
No Free D.O
Term
Total Nitrogen (TN) and total Phosphorus (TP) ....
Definition
Attract plant growth
Term
Anaerobic:
Definition
No free D.O is present, No NO2/NO3 present
Term
Methane formers (anaerobes) are completely....
Definition
Oxygen Intolerant.
Term
Under anoxic condtions, the bugs get their oxygen from _____________________.
Definition
NO2 and NO3
Term
___________ Bacteria can thrive under anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic conditions.
Definition
Facultative
Term
_____________ can utilize o2,NO3,SO4,CO2.
Definition
facultative bacteria
Term
Facultative bacteria are also known as...
Definition
Heterotrophs and PAO's
Term
Autotrophic bacteria are ____________. Their energy source is ammonia. Their Carbon source is Alkalinty and carbon Dioxide.
Definition
nitrifers
Term
____________________ get their carbon AND energy from organic matter.
Definition
Hetertrophic bacteria
Term
Nitrifiers are Strict _________. They create acid and consume ____________.
Definition
Aerobes, Alkalinty
Term
Ammonia creates an...
Definition
Oxygen demand.
Term
Nitrification produces....
Definition
Acid.
Term
If you have low Influent alkalinity, You may need to add ______.
Definition
Lime.
Term
Autotrophic bacteria are also called...
Definition
Nitrifiers (Nitrosomonas, Nitrobactor)
Term
When the nitrosomonas convert ammonia to nitrite, the _______________ Convert the Nitrite to Nitrate.
Definition
Nitrobactors
Term
In an ___________ environment, the D.O is below 0.2mg/l.
Definition
Anoxic
Term
It takes ______ of Alkalinity for every 1lb of ammonia oxidized.
Definition
7.1 lbs
Term
It requires _______ of oxygen to oxidize 1lb of ammonia to nitrate.
Definition
4.2 lbs
Term
In order to denitrify, you need 5 things:
Definition
Anoxic environment, carbon, The proper PH temp and SRT.
Term
Nitrite lock:
Definition
When the nitrification and denitrification process cant complete.
Term
During Nitrite Lock the CL2 is reduced to ________ and ______.
Definition
Chloride and Hydronium Ion
Term
You wont have a CL2 residual if you have.....
Definition
Nitrite Lock.
Term
The organisms that remove phosphorus are called....
Definition
Facultative Hetertrophs
Term
PAO's:
Definition
Phosphate Accumulating organisms
Term
PAO's release phosphorus in the ____________ zone.
Definition
Anaerobic
Term
PAO's Consume phosporus in the __________ zone.
Definition
Aerobic
Term
Phosphorus accelerates ______________.
Definition
Eutrophication.
Term
If you have D.O or nitrate, its not __________.
Definition
Anerobic.
Term
PAO's can take up excess ____________ in the aerobic zone.
Definition
phosphorus
Term
The purpose of having a re aeration tank before the clarifier is to.....
Definition
release bound gases and to aid in settling.
Term
You need to ___________ the RAS because the PAO's would try to use it for Energy instead of releasing phosphorus.
Definition
denitrify
Term
Ammonia Stripping is _______ dependent.
Definition
PH
Term
Dissolved Ammonia Gas:
Definition
NH3
Term
At a PH of ___________, almost all ammonium is converted to dissolved ammonia gas (nh3).
Definition
10.8-11.5
Term
The preferred Ph for ammonia stripping is ______.
Definition
11.2
Term
To raise the PH, use ____________.
Definition
Lime
Term
Pitfalls to ammonia stripping are:
Definition
Limestone buildup, clogged pumps and media.
Term
To clean Limestone buildup, use _______ or hot water.
Definition
Muratic acid
Term
After you treat the wastewater in ammonia stripping, you have to _______ the PH.
Definition
Lower
Term
Chlorine reacts with Ferrous iron, and nitrite BEFORE any ________ occurs.
Definition
residual
Term
Breakpoint CL2:
Definition
Term
Ammonia and CL2 make _________________________.
Definition
Chloromines
Term
When you reach___________ , you will most likely have a Low Tss, Low BOD, Low CL2 demand.
Definition
breakpoint
Term
It takes ______ of CL2 to remove 1.0 mg/l of Ammonia.
Definition
10mg/l
Term
Ammonium Sulfate (Alum) is used for ______________________.
Definition
Phosphorus Removal
Term
Alum is an acid and has a _____ PH.
Definition
Low
Term
___________ is sticky, slippery and corrodes and clogs pipes.
Definition
Alum
Term
When you use _____, you have to keep your PH above 11.0.
Definition
lime
Term
________is more commonly used over Alum because of the cost.
Definition
Lime
Term
Lime produces _________ sludge than alum.
Definition
More
Term
Lime __________ the PH.
Alum ___________ the PH.
Definition
Raises
Lowers
Term
Primary clarifiers remove _____% solids.
Definition
60%
Term
Secondary Clarifiers remove _______% solids.
Definition
100%
Term
Filters are basically just __________.
Definition
polishers
Term
A TSS Below ____ is required for high level disinfection.
Definition
5
Term
TSS trapped in the filter media is called _________________.
Definition
Head loss
Term
____________ is determined by measuring the pressure above and below the media.
Definition
Head loss
Term
With ____________ you must have a low Effluent TSS.
Definition
UV disinfection
Term
you can only draw off ______lbs a day on a 150lb CL2 gas cylinder.
Definition
40
Term
Disinfection is ___________ at higher temps.
Definition
greater
Term
A CL2 residual of 0.5 mg/l after 15 minutes contact time at peak hourly flow is required for _________ disinfection.
Definition
Basic
Term
A Cl2 residual of 1.0 mg/l after 15 minutes contact time at peak hourly flow is required for _______ disinfection.
Definition
High level
Term
A _______________ ______________ is used to test Low Cl2 residuals.
Definition
Amperometric titrator
Term
For basic disinfection, any one sample should not exceed ______ colonies per 100 ml sample.
Definition
800
Term
For High level disinfection, any one sample should not exceed _______ colonies per 100 ml sample.
Definition
25
Term
Nitrate has Zero __________.
Definition
Cl2 demand
Term
Reclaim water:
Definition
has Received secondary treatment and basic disinfection.
Term
Reuse water:
Definition
Delibrate application of reclaim water example: Golf course.
Term
_______________________ are energy efficent, cost affective, create less sludge for disposal.
Definition
Anaerobic Digesters
Term
Anaerobic digestion is a 2 step process:
Definition
Acid Formation and methane formation
Term
Primary clarifiers do not contain....
Definition
mixed liquor and its contents come straight from headworks.
Term
Primary digesters are mixed _____________.
Definition
continuously
Term
___________________ are like primary clarifiers but more slopped. The rake moves slow to create a thicker sludge and release gas from the blanket.
Definition
Gravity Thickeners
Term
_______________________ are not mixed to allow settling.
Definition
Secondary Anaerobic digesters
Term
If digester covers get stuck, _____________________.
Definition
apply degreaser and hose down through inspection port.
Term
You heat an Anaerobic digester to:
Definition
Maintain growth rate, increase digestion, improve dewatering.
Term
Cryophilic:
Definition
cold - below 93 degrees
Term
Mesophilic:
Definition
warm- 93-100 degrees
Term
thermophilic:
Definition
Hot- 122-140 degrees
Term
The most common temp of an anaerobic digester is ______.
Definition
95 degrees
Term
Struvite is formed from _____________________________.
Definition
Magnesium ammonium phosphate.
Term
For __________, remove phosphorus with iron salts, ferric chloride and ferrous chloride.
Definition
Struvite control
Term
Anaerobic digester Supernate is high in __________________________________.
Definition
Ammonia, BOD and VSS.
Term
A toxic load in an anaerobic digester smells like __________________.
Definition
Rancid Butter
Term
Never change Anaerobic digester temp by more than __________ degree a day.
Definition
one
Term
Digester gas is 70% ________ and 30% carbon Dioxide.
Definition
methane
Term
Biogas and oxygen can ___________ easily.
Definition
explode
Term
VA/ALK is the key to ____________________ operation.
Definition
Anaerobic digester
Term
Alkalinty is produced by ______ _______________.
Definition
Methane formers
Term
A good VA/Alk ratio is _______
Definition
0.1: 1
Term
A VA/Alk ratio of 0.8 : 1 will cause a ____ in the PH.
Definition
Drop
Term
Lime can combine with ____ and cause a dangerous vacuum.
Definition
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
Term
The BOD Test is_________________
Definition
5 days at 20 degrees celcius
Term
One cubic foot of water @ 4 degrees Celsius weighs_________.
Definition
62.4 pounds
Term
__________ burns in a furnace.
Definition
Organic matter
Term
For grit removal, velocity should be _____.
Definition
1 foot per second
Term
H2S is _______ than air.
Definition
heavier
Term
If you have high H2S leaving a wet scrubber, _____________ the tower PH.
Definition
increase
Term
Denitrification:
Definition
When nitrates are converted to nitrogen gas
Term
Loading:
Definition
the pounds of BOD entering an aeration tank
Term
The main difference in Conventional activated sludge and advanced treatment is:
Definition
Nitrogen and phosphorus removal
Term
Sludge is removed from a primary clarifier ___________ times a day.
Definition
several
Term
small gas bubbles rising in clarifier:
Definition
Decrease D.O
Term
Large gas bubbles rising in clarifier:
Definition
Increase D.O
Term
To increase contact time in the Aeration tank, ____________ the RAS.
Definition
decrease
Term
__________ is a common problem with trickling filters.
Definition
ponding
Term
Luxury phosphorus uptake occurs in the _______________ zone of a bardenpho plant.
Definition
aerobic
Term
Nitrosomonas are responsible for:
Definition
Converting NH3 to NO2
Term
Nitrobacters are responsible for:
Definition
Converting NO2 to NO3
Term
Heterotrophs are responsible for:
Definition
CBOD removal and denitrification
Term
If you have high NH3 in your aeration tank,________________ the air
Definition
increase
Term
Liquid effluent from a centerfuge is called _________.
Definition
centrate
Term
Denitrification happens in the ________ zone.
Definition
anoxic
Term
Water leaving a belt press is called_________.
Definition
filtrate
Term
if to much polymer is added to a belt press, ___________________.
Definition
the belts may bind.
Term
liquid CL2 is _________ heavier than air.
Definition
1.5
Term
gas CL2 is _________ heavier than air.
Definition
2.5
Term
Free CL2 is obtained after ____________.
Definition
breakpoint
Term
CL2 plus ammonia creates _____________.
Definition
Chloramines
Term
To dechlorinate, use ______________.
Definition
sulfur dioxide.
Term
for every one pound of bugs, you need ___ pounds of food.
Definition
5
Term
Colloidal
Definition
Very small finely divided solids
Term
F.O.G
Definition
Fats. Oil. Grease
Term
the best method to remove primary sludge is __________.
Definition
several times throughout the day.
Term
if Sloughing from the trickling filter creates problems, add _______.
Definition
HTH
Term
you will have the highest D.O in an unaerated stabilization pond around:
Definition
9pm
Term
you will have the lowest D.O in an unaerated stabilization pond around:
Definition
6am
Term
___________ of alkalinity is put back into the MLSS for each pound of nitrate used as a source of oxygen during denitrification.
Definition
3.6 pounds
Term
The overall concept of a gravity thickener is the thinner the sludge you put in, the __________ you take out.
Definition
thicker
Term
The secondary digester in a 2 stage anaerobic digestion system is not __________.
Definition
mixed or heated
Term
DEP 62-600
Definition
1)plants must be fenced and secured.
2) disinfection requirements
Term
DP 62 -601
Definition
Reports are due on the 28th of the following month
Term
DEP 62-602
Definition
Report problems within 24 hours.
Maintain logbook for three months.
License suspension/revocation
Term
DEP 62-610
Definition
Reuse/re-claim land application.
Piping color purple.
75% monthly fecal coliform must be non detect
Term
DEP 62-620
Definition
permit renewals.
Keep three years of records.
On-site testing permitted DO, pH, temp, Cl2
Term
DEP 62-640
Definition
biosolids/residuals
Vector reduction -nematode eggs.
Greater than 38% volatiles reduction.
PH greater than 5.5 in soil
Term
DEP 62-699
Definition
plant staffing
Term
At a PH below _______ al sulfide is present in the gaseous H2S form
Definition
5
Term
an advantage of using pure oxygen in activated sludge systems is __________.
Definition
They use smaller aeration tanks
Term
The luxury uptake of phosphorus is called “luxury” uptake because _________.
Definition
The organisms take up more phosphorus than they actually need.
Term
you use jar tests for _________.
Definition
chemical dosage
Term
A reduction of alkalinity across secondary treatment processes indicates __________.
Definition
nitrification is occurring.
Term
and a well operated anaerobic digester the alkalinity should be _________.
Definition
2500-5000 mg/l
Term
CACO3
Definition
calcium carbonate
Term
sulfide exists as 100% ___________ at a Ph below 5.
Definition
hydrogen sulfide gas
Term
In a BOD test, when the effluent BOD is higher than the effluent solids, ___________ is happening
Definition
nitrification
Term
Flux:
Definition
the rate of mass flow that passes through a membrane filter
Term
_________ is the most frequent problem associated with filter belt presses.
Definition
wash out
Term
The 5 stage bardenpho process is used to remove ______________.
Definition
nitrogen and phosphorus
Term
__________ affect methane fermentation in the anaerobic digestion process.
Definition
PH and TEMP
Term
The ORP ______ in the final effluent when the ammonia in the effluent increases.
Definition
decreases
Term
a high rate aeration process is typically ______.
Definition
overloaded
Term
increasing the RAS _______ the contact time in the aeration tank.
Definition
decreases
Term
a class C fire extinguisher is used for _________ ________.
Definition
electrical equipment
Term
the function of wear rings on a centrifugal pump are to ________.
Definition
prevent internal liquid leakage.
Term
modified aerator is also known as _________.
Definition
high rate
Term
Struvite can be controlled by the precipitation of phosphorus using _________.
Definition
Iron salts (ferrous sulfate)
Term
overfeeding an anaerobic digester can cause ______.
Definition
foaming
Term
R:Q ratio standard is :
Definition
20-50%
Term
sodium hydroxide:
Definition
Caustic soda
Term
Sodium hydroxide NAOH is used in a wet scrubber to treat high levels of _______.
Definition
hydrogen sulfide
Term
During denitrification, the Alkalinity _______.
Definition
increases
Term
___________ If you have Streaks of sludge on a gravity belt thickener.
Definition
clean the wash box nozzles
Term
Every sample bottle must have _________.
Definition
where collected, date, time, temp, initials.
Term
62:611 :
Definition
wetland application
Term
organisms can better utilize nutrients in the ________ form.
Definition
soluble
Term
TKN :
Definition
Ammonia N and Organic N
Term
TIN:
Definition
Ammonia N, Nitrate N and Nitrite N
Term
A rising acid/alk ratio in an anerobic digester is the result of ______.
Definition
over feeding.
Term
when the belt speed of a gravity belt thickener is _______, the dewatering time is increases and allows more water to be removed. which increases the cake.
Definition
decreased
Term
The PH scale is 0-14. 0-6.9 is acidic, 7.0 is neutral, 7.1 to 14 is ______ .
Definition
basic.
Term
Vector attraction reduction for class B lime stabilization is done by ___________ the PH to 12.00 for 2 hours, then after 22 hours it shouldn’t be less than 11.5.
Definition
elevating
Term
A reciprocating pump is also known as a _________.
Definition
piston pump. which is also known as. positive displacement pump
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